ReviewImmunity & ageing : I & A2026
Respiratory virus immune response in the aged host.
Review in Immunity & ageing : I & A, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
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Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Viruses are a major cause of acute respiratory illness in older adults and pose a substantial burden as the elderly population continues to grow. In the current COVID-19 global health crisis, achieving a better understanding of the aging immune system proves to be an imperative step in preventing and treating respiratory viral infections in older patients. Furthermore, many common respiratory viruses infecting older adults, including human metapneumovirus and parainfluenza virus, do not have licensed vaccines, thereby increasing the risk of severe infection in the aged host. Moreover, given the slowed immune response of older adults, vaccine efficacy for respiratory viruses such as influenza in older adults is minimal, indicating the need to develop more potent vaccines. A better understanding of the aging immune system would allow vaccines to target immunological deficits in the aged host. Three aspects of the aging immune system affect the response to respiratory viruses and vaccines: [1] innate immunity [2], the “inflammaging” hypothesis, and [3] the adaptive immune response. Several innate immune cells (neutrophils, macrophages, dendritic cells, and natural killer cells) as well as adaptive immune cells (T and B lymphocytes) exhibit significant functional impairment in older adults. The inflammaging hypothesis bridges the innate and adaptive arms of the immune system. This review aims to consolidate current knowledge and fill gaps in our understanding of the aged immune response to respiratory viruses.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.