Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41669909›Full record

ArticleEpidemiology and psychiatric sciences2026

Antipsychotic treatment patterns and cardiometabolic medicine use: current real-world evidence.

Ramya Padmavathy Radha Krishnan, Helga Zoega, Nicholas A Buckley, Jacques Eugene Raubenheimer

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Epidemiology and psychiatric sciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Ramya Padmavathy Radha KrishnanSydney Pharmacy School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3495-5919
Helga ZoegaCentre of Public Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland.
Nicholas A BuckleySydney Pharmacy School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6326-4711
Jacques Eugene RaubenheimerSydney Pharmacy School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimsOff-label use of antipsychotics, often at low doses, is increasing. Exploring the link between individual antipsychotic treatment patterns, including low-dose continuous use, and cardiometabolic health is crucial to prevent long-term morbidity and mortality. The current retrospective study examined the prevalence of cardiometabolic medicine use among antipsychotic-users, and its association with their past antipsychotic treatment patterns.

methodsUsing a 10% sample of the Australian national medicine dispensing claims data from 2022, we identified individuals aged 15-64 years with ≥2 antipsychotic dispensings (antipsychotic-users) and non-users. We extracted their past 5-year antipsychotic treatment patterns (dose, duration and use of multiple agents). Using Poisson regression and accounting for age and sex, we calculated adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for cardiometabolic medicine use (anti-diabetics, antihypertensives, lipid modifiers, anti-thrombotics) among antipsychotic-users versus non-users. We applied unsupervised hierarchical clustering analysis to identify common antipsychotic-cardiometabolic co-dispensing.

resultsUse of any cardiometabolic medicine was more prevalent among antipsychotic-users (35.8%,

conclusionsUse of cardiometabolic medicines is increased among people on long-term antipsychotic treatment. These results highlight the need for active monitoring for cardiometabolic adverse effects, with antipsychotic cessation where possible, or timely interventions to limit morbidity.

Indexed as

Antihypertensive AgentsAntipsychotic AgentsCardiovascular DiseasesHypoglycemic AgentsOff-Label UsePractice Patterns, Physicians'AdolescentAdultAustraliaFemaleHumansHypolipidemic AgentsMaleMiddle AgedPrevalenceRetrospective StudiesAntihypertensive AgentsAntipsychotic AgentsHypoglycemic AgentsHypolipidemic Agentsantipsychoticcardiometabolic medicine usecardiovascular and metabolic adverse effectspopulation-basedreal-world evidence

Identifiers

PMID41669909
PMCPMC12925688

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.