Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41670013›Full record

ArticleThe Cochrane database of systematic reviews2026

Treatment for primary avascular necrosis of the lower limb in childhood.

Stephanie Ball, Rhianydd Thomas, Adam M Galloway, Luke M Davies, Kelly Gray, Sue Brennan, Renea V Johnston, Nicole Williams, Craig F Munns, Verity Pacey

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Stephanie BallSchool of Health Sciences and Nursing, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia.ORCID 0009-0003-3348-5251
Rhianydd ThomasSchool of Health Sciences and Nursing, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia.ORCID 0000-0001-9422-1004
Adam M GallowayChildren's Orthopaedics, Leeds Children's Hospital, Leeds Children's Hospital, Leeds, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-6093-7669
Luke M DaviesSchool of Health Sciences and Nursing, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-9688-0828
Kelly GraySchool of Health Sciences and Nursing, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia.ORCID 0000-0001-7935-1142
Sue BrennanCochrane Australia, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.ORCID 0000-0003-1789-8809
Renea V JohnstonSchool of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.ORCID 0000-0003-3901-1164
Nicole WilliamsDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Women's and Children's Hospital, Adelaide, Australia.ORCID 0000-0001-9451-4456
Craig F MunnsDepartment of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia.ORCID 0000-0001-5898-5808
Verity PaceySchool of Health Sciences and Nursing, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-5577-2732

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesThis is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (intervention). The objectives are as follows: To investigate the benefits and harms of surgical, non-surgical, and pharmacological interventions for paediatric primary lower limb avascular necrosis (AVN). This is a common review protocol, outlining the approach for four separate Cochrane reviews for paediatric primary lower limb AVN. To assess the benefit and harm of surgical interventions for paediatric primary lower limb AVN on function, pain, patient-reported outcomes, and radiological outcomes. To assess the benefit and harm of non-surgical interventions for paediatric primary lower limb AVN on function, pain, patient-reported outcomes, and radiological outcomes. To assess the benefit and harm of pharmacological interventions for paediatric primary lower limb AVN on function, pain, patient-reported outcomes, and radiological outcomes. To assess the comparative effectiveness of surgical, non-surgical, and pharmacological interventions for paediatric primary lower limb AVN on function, pain, patient-reported outcomes, and radiological outcomes. The secondary objective for all four of the reviews is to evaluate health equity by assessing the effects across different geographical regions, gender, and age groups.

Indexed as

Lower ExtremityOsteonecrosisChildHumans

Identifiers

PMID41670013
PMCPMC12892395

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.