Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41671868›Full record

ArticleEBioMedicine2026

Phenotypic age acceleration and early-onset lung cancer: a case-control and prognostic cohort study involving multiple clinical centres with validation in the UK Biobank.

Ruolin Gao, Yuxuan Liao, Qiwen Zheng, Zhijian Xu, Xiaowei Zhao, Qinxiang Guo, Zhijie Wang, Jianchun Duan, Rui Wan, Jiachen Xu and 7 more

Abstract readMulticenter Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in EBioMedicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors.

Ruolin GaoState Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, CAMS Key Laboratory of Translational Research on Lung Cancer, Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
Yuxuan LiaoState Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, CAMS Key Laboratory of Translational Research on Lung Cancer, Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
Qiwen ZhengChina National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China; Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
Zhijian XuDepartment of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
Xiaowei ZhaoDepartment of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
Qinxiang GuoDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/ Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030013, China.
Zhijie WangState Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, CAMS Key Laboratory of Translational Research on Lung Cancer, Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
Jianchun DuanState Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, CAMS Key Laboratory of Translational Research on Lung Cancer, Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
Rui WanState Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, CAMS Key Laboratory of Translational Research on Lung Cancer, Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
Jiachen XuState Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, CAMS Key Laboratory of Translational Research on Lung Cancer, Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
Kailun FeiState Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, CAMS Key Laboratory of Translational Research on Lung Cancer, Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
Boyang SunState Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, CAMS Key Laboratory of Translational Research on Lung Cancer, Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
Wei ZhuangState Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, CAMS Key Laboratory of Translational Research on Lung Cancer, Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
Hua BaiState Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, CAMS Key Laboratory of Translational Research on Lung Cancer, Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
Yanhui ChengThe First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475000, China.
Jia ZhongState Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, CAMS Key Laboratory of Translational Research on Lung Cancer, Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China. Electronic address: zhong-jia817@163.com.
Jie WangState Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, CAMS Key Laboratory of Translational Research on Lung Cancer, Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China. Electronic address: zlhuxi@163.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundLung cancer is mainly diagnosed in elderly adults, yet the incidence of early-onset disease in people aged ≤45 years is increasing. Current screening strategies largely target elder populations, leaving younger individuals at risk of delayed diagnosis and adverse outcomes. Phenotypic Age Acceleration (PhenoAgeAccel), which indicates the difference between biological age and chronological age, has been associated with cancer susceptibility, but its role in early-onset lung cancer is unclear.

methodsWe performed a case-control and prognostic cohort study in China, including 222 early-onset lung cancer patients and 222 age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers, and externally validated findings in the UK Biobank. PhenoAgeAccel was calculated from routinely available haematological and biochemical markers. Logistic regression models estimated associations between PhenoAgeAccel and lung cancer risk. Survival analyses assessed the relationship between PhenoAgeAccel and overall survival among early-onset patients.

findingsEarly-onset lung cancer patients had substantially higher PhenoAgeAccel than matched controls (P < 0.001). PhenoAgeAccel was associated with a dose-dependent increase in early-onset lung cancer risk (odds ratio [OR] = 1.18; 95% CI: 1.14-1.23). Subgroup analyses by chronological age demonstrated a stronger association in earlier adulthood, whereas associations among elder adults (≥65 years) were not significant. In early-onset patients, higher PhenoAgeAccel predicted worse overall survival (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.17; 95% CI: 1.20-3.93). Results were corroborated in the UK Biobank cohort.

interpretationPhenoAgeAccel is positively associated with both a greater risk of early-onset lung cancer and poorer prognosis, supporting its potential utility for early detection and risk stratification in younger populations.

fundingNational Natural Science Foundation of China (no. 82303969); Beijing Xisike Clinical Oncology Research Foundation (no. Y-2024AZ [EGFR]MS-0079); Beijing Natural Science Foundation (no. 7222144).

Indexed as

Lung NeoplasmsAdultAgedAge of OnsetBiological Specimen BanksCase-Control StudiesChinaFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedPhenotypePrognosisRisk FactorsUK BiobankUnited KingdomBiological ageingCancer riskEarly-onset lung cancerPhenotypic agePrognosis

Identifiers

PMID41671868
PMCPMC12914819

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.