Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41673443›Full record

SynthesisScientific reports2026

Residual inflammatory risk and clinical outcomes after contemporary percutaneous coronary intervention: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Francisco José Romeo, Michele Golino, Matteo Morello, Francesca Maria Di Muro, Francesco Moroni, Marco Giuseppe Del Buono, Giuseppe Biondi-Zoccai, Antonio Abbate

Abstract readSystematic ReviewMeta-Analysis
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Francisco José RomeoDepartment of Cardiology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Jackson Memorial Hospital, 1120 NW 14th St, Miami, FL, 33136, USA. fjr62@miami.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1261-5785
Michele GolinoPauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0141-0127
Matteo MorelloDepartment of Cardiology and Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, The University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
Francesca Maria Di MuroThe Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2145-6555
Francesco MoroniDepartment of Cardiology and Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, The University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6101-1403
Marco Giuseppe Del BuonoDepartment of Cardiology, Agostino Gemelli University Polyclinic, Rome, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7483-6164
Giuseppe Biondi-ZoccaiDepartment of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University, Latina, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6103-8510
Antonio AbbateDepartment of Cardiology and Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, The University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1930-785X

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and subclinical inflammation - measured with high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) - contribute to atherosclerosis progression. Despite medical therapy, high-risk patients may still have residual cholesterol risk, residual inflammatory risk (RIR), both, or neither. We aimed to study the impact of RIR in patients undergoing contemporary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). A comprehensive search of Pubmed, EMBASE, Cochrane and MEDLINE was performed up to December 2024. Only studies including patients with coronary artery disease undergoing PCI were considered. Inflammatory burden was evaluated with two hs-CRP measurements at baseline and follow-up (> 4 weeks apart). High RIR was defined as hsCRP ≥ 2 mg/L at 1-month follow-up. The risk ratio (RR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was computed using a random-effect model. We identified five studies enrolling 13,604 patients, including 5,833 with high RIR at 30 days post-PCI. At 12-month follow-up, persistent high RIR was associated with an increased risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) (random-effects RR = 1.64, 95% CI 1.33-2.03; I² = 80.2%). High RIR was also associated with increased all-cause mortality (random-effects RR = 3.25, 95% CI 2.49-4.25; I² = 67%), non-fatal myocardial infarction (random-effects RR = 1.46, 95% CI 1.00-2.12; I² = 73%), and non-fatal stroke (random-effects RR = 1.64, 95% CI 1.14-2.37; I² = 0%). Sensitivity analyses, including Baujat plots and leave-one-out analyses, identified a single study as a major contributor to heterogeneity; exclusion of this study substantially reduced heterogeneity without materially altering the direction or magnitude of the associations. In patients undergoing contemporary PCI, a high RIR was associated with a significantly higher risk of adverse cardiovascular outcomes. This data could help tailor lipid-lowering and anti-inflammatory therapies in this high-risk population.

Indexed as

Coronary Artery DiseaseInflammationPercutaneous Coronary InterventionCholesterol, LDLC-Reactive ProteinHumansRisk FactorsTreatment OutcomeCholesterol, LDLC-Reactive ProteinC-reactive proteinMeta-analysisPercutaneous coronary interventionResidual inflammatory risk

Identifiers

PMID41673443
PMCPMC12976032

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.