Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41673447›Full record

ArticleCommunications biology2026

Enhanced virulence of mpox virus clade Ib over clade IIb in the CAST/EiJ mouse model.

Alazne R Unanue, Rocío Martín, Carolina Sánchez, Isabel Alonso-Sánchez, Ana Moraga-Quintanilla, Laura Fernandez Del Ama, Pedro J Sánchez-Cordón, Antonio Alcamí, Bruno Hernáez

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Communications biology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Alazne R UnanueCentro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain.
Rocío Martín *Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain.
Carolina Sánchez *Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain.
Isabel Alonso-SánchezCentro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6304-4938
Ana Moraga-QuintanillaCentro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain.
Laura Fernandez Del AmaCentro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA), Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Valdeolmos, Madrid, Spain.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3444-9709
Pedro J Sánchez-CordónCentro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA), Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Valdeolmos, Madrid, Spain.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7202-6475
Antonio AlcamíCentro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain. aalcami@cbm.csic.es.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3333-6016
Bruno HernáezCentro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain. bhernaez@cbm.csic.es.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4351-0102

Funding

"la Caixa" Foundation (Caixa Foundation) HR23-00558
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The recently emerged clade Ib of mpox virus (MPXV) is spreading rapidly across Central and West Africa raising concerns about its potential virulence. Similar to clade IIb lineage B.1, which was responsible for the 2022 global outbreak, clade Ib exhibits sustained human-to-human transmission and a pattern of APOBEC3-associated genomic mutations. Here, we show that clade Ib displays enhanced long-range spreading in cell culture compared to clade IIb. Additionally, using the CAST mouse model, we show that clade Ib exhibits a higher level of virulence compared to the markedly attenuated clade IIb. Clade Ib leads to significant weight loss and high mortality in animals following both intraperitoneal and intranasal challenge. Histopathological analysis revealed more severe and extensive lung lesions in clade Ib-infected animals, accompanied by a broader distribution of viral antigens. Moreover, clade Ib, unlike IIb, disseminated efficiently to internal organs. These findings indicate that clade Ib MPXV has not undergone attenuation after human-to-human transmission to the extent observed in clade IIb and underscore the need for surveillance and preparedness against new emerging MPXV lineages.

Indexed as

Monkeypox virusMpox, MonkeypoxAnimalsDisease Models, AnimalHumansLungMiceVirulence

Identifiers

PMID41673447
PMCPMC13004968

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.