Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41673718›Full record

ReviewJournal of hematology & oncology2026

The distinct roles of ROS in tumor immunity: from mechanisms to immunotherapeutic applications.

Jiayi Li, Chen Huang, Pan Tang, Ruiyan Wu, Quanyou Wu, Chenliang Zhang

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of hematology & oncology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Biointegrated Battery-Based Electroceuticals.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026
    Review
  3. Review
  4. Review
  5. Ultrasound-activated RuORSC advances · 2026
    Article
  6. Review
  7. Review
  8. Review
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Jiayi Li *Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Chen Huang *Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Pan TangDepartment of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Ruiyan WuWest China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Quanyou WuDivision of Abdominal Tumor Multimodality Treatment, Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China. wuquanyou07@163.com.
Chenliang ZhangDivision of Abdominal Tumor Multimodality Treatment, Cancer Center, Laboratory of Abdominal Tumor Immunology and Microenvironment, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China. zhangchenliang@wchscu.edu.cn.

Funding

China Postdoctoral Science Foundation-funded project 2024M752255National Natural Science Foundation of China 81972804Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province of China 2024NSFSC1895Sichuan Science and Technology Program 2024YFFK0343
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are crucial signaling molecules that regulate diverse biological processes. In cancer, this duality gives rise to a central paradox. Moderate ROS levels support tumor proliferation and foster an immunosuppressive microenvironment, whereas excessive ROS can be therapeutically leveraged to trigger immunogenic cell death (ICD). Crucially, the outcome on immune cells, whether activation or exhaustion, is dictated by the subcellular localization and kinetics of ROS generation. This review critically examines this "ROS-Immune Mismatch," a new framework that highlights the differential redox sensitivities between tumor cells and key immune subsets. This differential sensitivity, where cytotoxic T cells (Teffs) are exhausted and immunosuppressive cells like regulatory T cells (Tregs) thrive, is a fundamental mechanism of immune evasion. We further analyze how emerging immunotherapies seek to exploit these redox dependencies to enhance therapeutic efficacy. Finally, we discuss major translational challenges, including off-target oxidative toxicity and redox heterogeneity within the tumor microenvironment (TME), and highlight future directions, such as intelligent nanomedicine and redox-reprogrammed cellular therapies, as promising strategies for next-generation ROS-targeted immunomodulation.

Indexed as

ImmunotherapyNeoplasmsReactive Oxygen SpeciesAnimalsHumansOxidation-ReductionTumor MicroenvironmentReactive Oxygen SpeciesReactive oxygen speciesTumor immunityTumor immunotherapyTumor microenvironmentTumor therapy

Identifiers

PMID41673718
PMCPMC12922222

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.