Evidence mapPaperPMID 41674320Full record

ArticleScandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports2026

Baseline Inflammatory Markers as Predictors of Running-Related Injuries: A One-Year Prospective 4HAIE Cohort Study.

Lukas Cipryan, Jiri Skypala, Martina Litschmannova, Daniel Jandacka, Tomas Dostal, Dominik Sindler, David Zahradnik, Peter Hofmann

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Lukas CipryanDepartment of Human Movement Studies & Human Motion Diagnostic Centre, The University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2403-8797
Jiri SkypalaDepartment of Human Movement Studies & Human Motion Diagnostic Centre, The University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3617-2926
Martina LitschmannovaDepartment of Applied Mathematics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, VSB - Technical University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic.
Daniel JandackaDepartment of Human Movement Studies & Human Motion Diagnostic Centre, The University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2653-2569
Tomas DostalDepartment of Human Movement Studies & Human Motion Diagnostic Centre, The University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic.
Dominik SindlerDepartment of Human Movement Studies & Human Motion Diagnostic Centre, The University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic.
David ZahradnikDepartment of Human Movement Studies & Human Motion Diagnostic Centre, The University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic.
Peter HofmannDepartment of Human Movement Studies & Human Motion Diagnostic Centre, The University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic.

Funding

CZ.02.01.01/00/22_008/0004583CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_019/0000798CZ.10.03.01/00/22_003/0000003Grant of SGS No. SP2025/012, VŠB-Technical University of Ostrava, Czech RepublicMinistry of Education
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Inflammatory processes may contribute to running-related injury (RRI) susceptibility, yet the predictive value of baseline inflammatory biomarkers remains unclear. This prospective study investigated whether baseline biochemical markers of inflammation predict RRI occurrence in healthy individuals over 1 year, while accounting for training, physiological, and injury history variables. A total of 1315 healthy individuals (recreational runners and inactive controls) were followed for 12 months with prospective injury surveillance. Baseline blood samples were analyzed for inflammatory markers. Multivariable logistic regression examined associations between baseline biomarkers and RRI occurrence, adjusting for age, sex, peak oxygen consumption, weekly running distance, total body fat, and history of musculoskeletal trauma. Significant predictors of RRI included baseline tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) (OR per 1 pg/mL: 1.25, 95% CI: 1.08-1.44), history of musculoskeletal trauma (OR: 1.42, 95% CI: 1.06-1.90), weekly running distance, and age. Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA) showed a modest protective association (OR per 10 pg/mL: 0.99, 95% CI: 0.99-1.00). However, the model demonstrated limited discriminatory ability (AUC = 0.66), indicating that baseline inflammatory markers alone are insufficient for individual-level injury prediction. Baseline TNF-α and IL-RA are significantly associated with RRI occurrence, suggesting that inflammatory phenotype contributes to injury susceptibility. However, TNF-α and IL-1RA cannot serve as reliable standalone screening tools, and our findings indicate that baseline inflammatory phenotype represents one component of multifactorial injury risk. While baseline TNF-α and IL-1RA measurements are unlikely to transform clinical practice in isolation, understanding inflammatory contributions to injury susceptibility may inform more effective injury-prevention strategies.

Indexed as

Athletic InjuriesInflammationRunningTumor Necrosis Factor-alphaAdultBiomarkersFemaleHumansLogistic ModelsMaleMiddle AgedProspective StudiesRisk FactorsYoung AdultBiomarkersTumor Necrosis Factor-alphacytokinesinflammationinjuryrunningtumor necrosis factor alpha

Identifiers

PMID41674320
PMCPMC12895214

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.