ArticleFrontiers in oncology2026
Immuno-oncological effects of aerobic exercise combined with anti-PD-L1 antibody blockade in a murine breast cancer model.
Article in Frontiers in oncology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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2 citing papers in PubMed.
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
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Abstract
Immunotherapy has emerged as a crucial approach in cancer treatment, particularly through targeting immune checkpoints such as programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and its ligand programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1). Blocking antibodies against PD-1/PD-L1 have demonstrated the potential to activate tumor-specific immune cells, particularly CD4 MATERIALS AND
methodsThirty female BALB/c mice were divided into five experimental groups: Patient control group (n=6), Exercise+induction+ control (n=6), Exercise+induction+exercise (n=6), Exercise+induction+anti-PD-L1 (n=6), and Exercise induction exercise + anti-PD-L1 (n=6). After a treadmill acclimation period, mice underwent two 6-week initial training protocols, followed by an additional 4-week protocol post-tumor induction. Following tumor induction, the PD-L1anti-PD-L1 antibody was administered. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was applied to evaluate experimental variables.
resultsStatistical analyses showed that, relative to the PCG, mice receiving the combined intervention of EIE and EIE + A displayed higher intratumoral CD4
conclusionWithin the limits of the current design, the combination of aerobic exercise with PD-L1 immune checkpoint blockade was associated with increased tumor-infiltrating CD4
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