Evidence mapPaperPMID 41677611Full record

ArticleCells2026

Orange-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: Characterization and Therapeutic Applications in Normal and Diabetic Wound Healing in In Vivo Models.

Chiara Gai, Margherita Alba Carlotta Pomatto, Federica Negro, Lucia Massari, Maria Chiara Deregibus, Massimo Cedrino, Cristina Grange, Alessandro Burello, Joanna Kopecka, Ivan Molineris and 7 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cells, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors.

Chiara GaiDepartment of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-3443-7417
Margherita Alba Carlotta PomattoDepartment of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-5388-7798
Federica NegroDepartment of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy.
Lucia MassariDepartment of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy.
Maria Chiara DeregibusDepartment of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy.
Massimo CedrinoMolecular Biotechnology Center-MBC, University of Turin, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Turin, Italy.
Cristina GrangeDepartment of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-6960-5476
Alessandro BurelloDepartment of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy.ORCID 0009-0005-0550-398X
Joanna KopeckaDepartment of Oncology, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-3612-3953
Ivan MolinerisDepartment of Life Sciences and Systems Biology & Molecular Biotechnology Center-MBC, University of Turin, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Turin, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-2102-0804
Anel OrdabayevaDepartment of Life Sciences and Systems Biology & Molecular Biotechnology Center-MBC, University of Turin, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Turin, Italy.
Alessandro DaminDepartment of Chemistry, NIS Centre and INSTM Reference Centre University of Turin, Via G. Quarello 15, 10135 Turin, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-1110-0993
Federica AnticoForb-Fondazione per la Ricerca Biomedica, ONLUS-Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC), 10126 Turin, Italy.
Chiara RigantiDepartment of Oncology, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-9787-4836
Vito FanelliDepartment of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-1647-2411
Natasa ZarovniRoseBio Srl, Via Mario Bianco 9, 20131 Milano, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-2983-7886
Giovanni CamussiDepartment of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-2795-232X

Funding

EvoBiotech srl grant number 1.
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) of human origin show promise for regenerative medicine and wound healing. However, they have limitations regarding scalability, variability, safety, and costs. Plant-derived EVs may represent a valid alternative. This study investigated the regenerative potential of EVs extracted from orange juice (oEVs). oEVs obtained by standard ultracentrifugation were compared with oEVs purified by tangential flow filtration (TFF), a scalable technique suitable for large-scale and regulatory-compliant manufacturing. Comparisons included size, morphology, pH, Zeta potential, protein and RNA content, Raman spectroscopy, and proteomic, metabolomic, and RNA sequencing. The regenerative potential of oEVs was tested in vitro, with cell migration, endothelial tube formation, and proliferation assays performed. Antioxidant ability was tested on endothelial cells stressed by hyperglycemia or pro-inflammatory cytokine cocktails. Next, oEVs were formulated with different hydrogels and tested at different doses on skin ulcers on healthy and diabetic mice. TFF oEVs showed the same physio-chemical characteristics and a comparable molecular content as those isolated by ultracentrifugation, confirming the path to scalability. In vitro oEVs promoted cell migration, formation of capillary-like structures, cell proliferation, and strong antioxidant activity. Moreover, oEVs effectively accelerated in vivo wound closure in healthy and diabetic mice. Thus, oEVs may provide a useful and cost-effective ingredient for improved and effective wound treatment strategies.

Indexed as

Citrus sinensisDiabetes Mellitus, ExperimentalExtracellular VesiclesWound HealingAnimalsAntioxidantsCell MovementCell ProliferationHumansMaleMiceAntioxidantscitrus sinensiscitrus sinensis extracellular vesiclesdiabetesdiabetic ulcerextracellular vesicleplant-derived extracellular vesiclewound healing

Identifiers

PMID41677611
PMCPMC12896877

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.