Evidence mapPaperPMID 41680355Full record

ReviewCurrent environmental health reports2026

Mechanisms of Phthalate-Induced Accelerated Ovarian Aging in Experimental Models.

Adira M Safar, Jodi A Flaws

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Current environmental health reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Adira M SafarDepartment of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 2001 S. Lincoln Ave, Urbana, IL, 61802, USA.
Jodi A FlawsDepartment of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 2001 S. Lincoln Ave, Urbana, IL, 61802, USA. jflaws@illinois.edu.

Funding

National Institute of Child Health and Human Development T32 HD10807NIEHS NIH HHS R01 ES028661
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purpose of reviewAccelerated ovarian aging is associated with early infertility as well as other adverse health outcomes. Little is known about the factors that accelerate ovarian aging, but several studies indicate that exposure to phthalates accelerates ovarian aging. This is a significant human health concern because humans are ubiquitously and unavoidably exposed to phthalates. Thus, it is imperative to study the mechanisms of phthalate-induced accelerated ovarian aging so that strategies can be developed to prevent phthalate-induced ovarian aging. This review focuses on the mechanisms by which phthalates cause ovarian aging in non-human experimental models and highlights gaps in the literature. RECENT

findingsPhthalate exposure may accelerate ovarian aging and in turn, accelerate female reproductive aging through several mechanisms. Specifically, phthalates can alter steroidogenesis and folliculogenesis, ultimately dysregulating estrous cyclicity and decreasing fertility. Phthalate-induced disruptions in the brain and gut contribute to these changes. Additionally, phthalate exposures increase ovarian inflammation and oxidative stress, which contribute to accelerated ovarian aging. Phthalate exposure also increases ovarian autophagy, mitochondrial dysfunction, and apoptosis, which ultimately increase follicular atresia and accelerate depletion of the follicle reserve. Phthalates accelerate ovarian aging through numerous interlinked mechanisms that may be used as targets for prevention, inhibition, or reversal of phthalate-induced ovarian aging in patients experiencing infertility. Further studies should investigate the effects of environmentally relevant phthalate exposures on these mechanisms and explore therapies that target these mechanisms.

Indexed as

AgingEnvironmental PollutantsOvaryPhthalic AcidsAnimalsEnvironmental ExposureFemaleHumansOxidative StressEnvironmental PollutantsPhthalic AcidsFemale reproductive toxicityOvarian agingPhthalates

Identifiers

PMID41680355
PMCPMC12901145

What Socratic holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.