Evidence mapPaperPMID 41680925Full record

SynthesisBMC psychology2026

What makes patients engaged: a meta narrative review and multilevel perspective on patient engagement.

Chiara Bassi, Francesco Tommasi, Riccardo Sartori, Andrea Buccoliero, Anna Maria Meneghini, Andrea Ceschi

Abstract readSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in BMC psychology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. The Patient's Voice in Advanced Practice Nursing: A Qualitative Systematic Review of Lived Experiences.Journal of nursing scholarship : an official publication of Sigma Theta Tau International Honor Society of Nursing · 2026
    Pooled it
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Chiara Bassi *Department of Human Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy. chiara.bassi@univr.it.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0008-4623-8918
Francesco Tommasi *Department of Social and Political Sciences, University of Milano, Milano, Italy. francesco.tommasi@unimi.it.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6096-8062
Riccardo SartoriDepartment of Human Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4212-9844
Andrea BuccolieroDepartment of Human Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
Anna Maria MeneghiniDepartment of Human Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0685-4360
Andrea CeschiDepartment of Human Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3912-7175

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Patient engagement is increasingly recognized as a crucial aspect for healthcare quality, safety, and outcomes. While literature highlights its multidimensional nature, encompassing individual behaviors, relational dynamics, organizational practices, and social influences, there remains limited integration of these perspectives. This complexity makes it difficult to understand how to define and promote patient engagement, as its antecedents and mechanisms are not fully understood.The aim of the present study is to provide a comprehensive framework that clarifies the antecedents of patient engagement and guides its implementation across the healthcare system to benefit patients and providers alike. Drawing on the meta-narrative review approach, four databases (SCOPUS, Web of Science, PubMed, and PsycINFO) were used to collect and synthesize multiple systematic reviews and meta-analyses on the topic of patient engagement. Fifty-one items were included in the review. Data extracted were inductively categorized by levels, factors, and elements associated with patient engagement.Findings highlight the multilevel nature of patient engagement, characterized by individual, task, relational, organizational, and social levels. The emerged integrative model maps interconnected factors and highlights patient engagement's complexity and dynamic nature. The model offers a theoretical framework to diagnose and promote engagement, empowering patients, and enhancing the quality of the healthcare service.

Indexed as

Patient ParticipationHumansHealthcareMeta-narrative reviewMultilevelPatient engagement

Identifiers

PMID41680925
PMCPMC12903487

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.