Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41681889›Full record

ArticleCancers2026

Targeting Colorectal Cancer Stem Cells Through Inhibition of the Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 4 Pathway with a Novel Antibody.

Gessica Filocamo, Mariachiara Buccarelli, Armin Lahm, Mirko Brunetti, Chantal Paolini, Gabriele De Luca, Michele Signore, Giorgia Castellani, Alessandra Boe, Romina Alfonsi and 5 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cancers, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Gessica FilocamoExiris s.r.l., Tecnopolo Castel Romano, 00128 Rome, Italy.
Mariachiara BuccarelliDepartment of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-1157-4694
Armin LahmBioinformatics Project Support, 00153 Rome, Italy.
Mirko BrunettiExiris s.r.l., Tecnopolo Castel Romano, 00128 Rome, Italy.
Chantal PaoliniIRBM S.p.A., 00071 Pomezia, Italy.
Gabriele De LucaDepartment of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy.
Michele SignoreRPPA Unit, Proteomics Area, Core Facilities, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-0262-842X
Giorgia CastellaniDepartment of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy.
Alessandra BoeCytometry Unit, Core Facilities, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-8888-7501
Romina AlfonsiNational Centre for Control and Evaluation of Medicines, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy.
Mauro BiffoniDepartment of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy.
Ruggero De MariaDipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-2255-0583
Lucia Ricci-VitianiDepartment of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy.
Christian SteinkühlerExiris s.r.l., Tecnopolo Castel Romano, 00128 Rome, Italy.
Paola GallinariExiris s.r.l., Tecnopolo Castel Romano, 00128 Rome, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-0166-9422

Funding

European EuroTrans-Bio Grant ETB-2011-03National Plan for Complementary Investments to the NRRP PNC0000001
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND/

objectivesThe progression and dissemination of CRC are heavily influenced by a subpopulation of tumor cells known as CSCs. This study aimed to identify novel protein membrane antigens expressed by colorectal CSCs and the consequent development of targeted therapies based on monoclonal antibodies directed against the identified antigens.

methodsIntegrated bioinformatics analyses were conducted using proprietary CSC gene expression profiles and public colon gene expression databases, leading to the identification of five plasma membrane proteins enriched in CSCs. Genetic immunization in rats was employed to generate monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) targeting these antigens. FGFR4 was prioritized due to its overexpression in colorectal tumors. Its function was characterized in vitro and in vivo through assays evaluating proliferation, colony formation, migration, and tumorigenicity. The anti-FGFR4 antibody 3B6 was selected based on its affinity and ability to inhibit FGFR4 signaling in CSCs. Its therapeutic potential was further assessed in xenograft models, and alterations in downstream signaling were analyzed via Western blot.

resultsFGFR4 emerged as a key regulator of CRC CSC proliferation, migration, and tumorigenic capacity. The 3B6 antibody, a high-affinity FGFR4 binder, demonstrated robust in vitro inhibition of CSC features and significant antitumor effects in patient-derived xenograft models. Western blot analysis confirmed the modulation of FGFR4-driven signaling pathways, particularly those involved in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT).

conclusionsThis study successfully identified several CSC-selective membrane antigens that can become therapeutic targets in CRC. Among them, we focused on FGFR4 as a promising target and developed the anti-FGFR4 3B6 monoclonal antibody which offers potential for both diagnostic and therapeutic applications.

Indexed as

cancer stem cellscolon cancerdifferentially expressed genesEMTFGFR4microarray datasetmonoclonal antibodiestargeted therapy

Identifiers

PMID41681889
PMCPMC12896886

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.