Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41683402›Full record

ArticleMolecules (Basel, Switzerland)2026

Processing Suitability and Flavor Profiles of Wagyu Beef Tallow from Different Anatomical Regions.

Yanxia Xing, He Zhu, Mengqi Li, Yanfei Yang, Mengliu Zhu, Yushu Wang, Zien Li, Baochen Xu, Yang Yu, Lizeng Peng

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Yanxia XingCollege of Modern Beef Cattle Industry, Shandong Agriculture and Engineering University, Jinan 250100, China.ORCID 0000-0002-2335-8246
He ZhuCollege of Modern Beef Cattle Industry, Shandong Agriculture and Engineering University, Jinan 250100, China.ORCID 0000-0002-3736-4145
Mengqi LiCollege of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China.
Yanfei YangCollege of Modern Beef Cattle Industry, Shandong Agriculture and Engineering University, Jinan 250100, China.
Mengliu ZhuCollege of Modern Beef Cattle Industry, Shandong Agriculture and Engineering University, Jinan 250100, China.
Yushu WangCollege of Modern Beef Cattle Industry, Shandong Agriculture and Engineering University, Jinan 250100, China.
Zien LiCollege of Modern Beef Cattle Industry, Shandong Agriculture and Engineering University, Jinan 250100, China.
Baochen XuCollege of Modern Beef Cattle Industry, Shandong Agriculture and Engineering University, Jinan 250100, China.
Yang YuCollege of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China.
Lizeng PengCollege of Modern Beef Cattle Industry, Shandong Agriculture and Engineering University, Jinan 250100, China.

Funding

Key R&D Program of Shandong Province 2023TZXD046
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study investigated the technological properties and volatile flavor profiles of tallow from three anatomical regions of Wagyu cattle, omental fats (OF), perirenal fats (PF), and subcutaneous fats (SF), smelted at temperatures ranging from 100 to 160 °C. The objective was to provide a theoretical basis for the targeted utilization of Wagyu fats. Results showed that smelting temperature significantly affected oil yield, with the highest yield obtained at 160 °C for all regions. PF exhibited the greatest oil yield, followed by OF and SF. Physicochemical analyses indicated that OF had the highest degree of unsaturation, whereas PF demonstrated superior hardness and oxidative stability. Microstructural and spectroscopic analyses, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were employed to characterize the samples, revealed that the compact protein structure of SF residues limited oil release, while the porous structures of OF and PF residues facilitated higher yields. With respect to flavor profiling, headspace solid-phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS) was employed to analyze volatile compounds, identified aldehydes as the dominant flavor contributors in OF and PF, imparting fatty and citrus notes, whereas SF was characterized by a distinct creamy aroma primarily due to γ-butyrolactone. These regional differences were further validated by principal component analysis (PCA). Overall, PF obtained the highest comprehensive quality score. The integrated evaluation underscores the potential for precision-based utilization of Wagyu tallow: PF and OF are recommended for applications demanding high yield and intense flavor, whereas SF, characterized by its distinctive creamy aroma, is more suitable for specialized or niche products.

Indexed as

FatsFlavoring AgentsAnimalsCattleFood, ProcessedGas Chromatography-Mass SpectrometrySolid Phase MicroextractionSpectroscopy, Fourier Transform InfraredTasteVolatile Organic CompoundsFatsFlavoring AgentstallowVolatile Organic CompoundsHS-SPME-GC-MSPCAWagyu beef tallow

Identifiers

PMID41683402
PMCPMC12898603

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.