Observational studyInternational journal of molecular sciences2026
Sleep Deficit and Inflammatory Markers as Combined Risk Factors for Glaucoma Progression: A Prospective Longitudinal Observational Cohort Study.
Observational study in International journal of molecular sciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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5 authors.
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Abstract
Glaucoma progression differs markedly between individuals despite comparable intraocular pressure control, implying additional modifiable contributors to neurodegeneration. We evaluated the joint impact of sleep deficit and inflammatory cytokine trajectories on retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) loss. In this 24-month prospective longitudinal observational cohort, 57 participants (19 controls, 19 prostaglandin-treated glaucoma, 19 untreated glaucoma) underwent spectral-domain OCT, validated sleep assessment, and serial IL-6 and TNF-α profiling. Longitudinal models tested independent and interactive effects of sleep deficit and inflammation on RNFL change, and mediation analyses assessed whether inflammation explains the sleep-progression association. RNFL loss rates were -0.20 ± 0.10 μm/year (controls), -1.06 ± 0.89 μm/year (treated), and -1.94 ± 0.78 μm/year (untreated;
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