Evidence mapPaperPMID 41684028Full record

ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2026

A New Complexity Layer: DNA Methylation and the Predictive Impact of Epigenetic Tests.

Giorgio Ladisa, Francesca Montenegro, Angela Picerno, Alessio Nigro, Antonella Cicirelli, Alessandra Stasi, Marco Fiorentino, Paola Pontrelli, Loreto Gesualdo, Fabio Sallustio

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Giorgio LadisaDepartment of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy.ORCID 0009-0001-5267-5734
Francesca MontenegroDepartment of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-0857-7520
Angela PicernoDepartment of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy.
Alessio NigroDepartment of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy.
Antonella CicirelliDepartment of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy.
Alessandra StasiDepartment of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-3652-3623
Marco FiorentinoDepartment of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-7334-8372
Paola PontrelliDepartment of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-7654-8318
Loreto GesualdoDepartment of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy.
Fabio SallustioDepartment of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-5132-6532

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The increasing complexity of disease mechanisms challenges accurate diagnosis, prevention, and early risk stratification. Beyond genetic predisposition, epigenetic regulation-particularly DNA methylation-represents a dynamic molecular interface linking environmental exposures, metabolic imbalance, inflammation, and disease development. DNA methylation is the most extensively studied epigenetic mechanism and plays a central role in controlling gene expression across physiological and pathological conditions. In this review, we provide an integrated overview of DNA methylation biology and its involvement in inflammatory, metabolic, and oncological diseases, with a specific focus on pathways related to chronic inflammation and oxidative stress. We summarize evidence demonstrating how aberrant methylation patterns contribute to disease initiation and progression, highlighting recurrent epigenetic signatures affecting key regulatory genes. In parallel, we discuss current and emerging technologies for DNA methylation analysis, ranging from targeted methylation-specific assays to next-generation sequencing-based approaches, including nanopore adaptive sampling. Finally, we explore the translational potential of DNA methylation-based tests as predictive and preventive tools, emphasizing their ability to identify disease-associated molecular alterations before clinical onset. Overall, this evidence supports the integration of epigenetic profiling into future precision medicine strategies aimed at early risk assessment, prognosis refinement, and personalized prevention.

Indexed as

DNA MethylationEpigenesis, GeneticEpigenomicsAnimalsHumansInflammationNeoplasmscancerDNA methylationepigeneticsepigenetic testsinflammationmetabolic disease

Identifiers

PMID41684028
PMCPMC12897665

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.