Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41688459›Full record

ArticleNPJ science of food2026

Tracing origin and cultivation practice of Lithocarpus litseifolius via multi-data fusion and machine learning approaches.

Yifan Tang, Ping Yu, Feng Xiong, Zhilai Zhan, Kai Xie, Shuyan Yu, Yifan Ning, Zhanhan Zhou, Chun Wang, Weisen Qian and 5 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in NPJ science of food, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Geographical Origin Traceability of Tea (Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Yifan Tang *Academy of Pharmacy, Xi'an-Jiaotong Liverpool University, Suzhou, China. yifan.tang@163.com.
Ping Yu *State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, PR China.
Feng XiongState Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, PR China.
Zhilai ZhanState Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, PR China.
Kai XieDepartment of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou Dushu Lake Hospital, Medical Center of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
Shuyan YuAcademy of Pharmacy, Xi'an-Jiaotong Liverpool University, Suzhou, China.
Yifan NingAcademy of Pharmacy, Xi'an-Jiaotong Liverpool University, Suzhou, China.
Zhanhan ZhouAcademy of Pharmacy, Xi'an-Jiaotong Liverpool University, Suzhou, China.
Chun WangAcademy of Pharmacy, Xi'an-Jiaotong Liverpool University, Suzhou, China.
Weisen QianAcademy of Pharmacy, Xi'an-Jiaotong Liverpool University, Suzhou, China.
Xiwen ZhangAcademy of Pharmacy, Xi'an-Jiaotong Liverpool University, Suzhou, China.
Yike LiangAcademy of Pharmacy, Xi'an-Jiaotong Liverpool University, Suzhou, China.
Ruijiao WangAcademy of Pharmacy, Xi'an-Jiaotong Liverpool University, Suzhou, China.
Guoxia HanAcademy of Pharmacy, Xi'an-Jiaotong Liverpool University, Suzhou, China. Guoxia.Han@xjtlu.edu.cn.
Jian YangState Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, PR China. yangchem2012@163.com.

Funding

Co-development Agreement on the Bioactivity Research of Flavonoids from Lithocarpus litseifolius RDS10120230053the China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA Grant No. CARS-21the Innovation Team and Talents Cultivation Program of National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Grant No. ZYYZDXK- 2023244the Key Project at the Central Government Level: Capacity Building for the Sustainable Utilization of Valuable Chinese Medicine Resources Grant No. 2060302the National Key R&D Program of China Grant No. 2020YFC1712700the Scientific and Technological Innovation Project of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Grant No. CI2023E002
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Lithocarpus litseifolius (sweet tea) is a medicinal and edible plant rich in flavonoids and essential nutrients, with potential as a hepatoprotective beverages and natural sweetener. Although widely cultivated across several provinces in China, the quality and consistency of its raw material remain poorly regulated. To address this, 163 samples (n ≥ 18) from 7 main producing regions were analyzed for 22 functional compounds, 4 stable isotope ratios, and 49 multi-element to discriminate cultivation practices and geographical origins. Orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) successfully generated prediction models across two cultivation regions. Integrating 8 machine-learning algorithms with multi-level data fusion identified 6 key variables-caffeine, Rb, Ce, δ¹⁵N, Sr, and 3"-O-acetylphlorizin. Five base learners built on these variables were then combined via soft-voting ensemble learning, yielding an optimal origin classifier with 100.00% accuracy. Additionally, the study delivered the first comprehensive analysis of quality variations in sweet tea and identified seven primary influenced environmental factors, offering insights into cultivation strategies and quality formation mechanisms.

Identifiers

PMID41688459
PMCPMC13013619

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.