Evidence mapPaperPMID 41688979Full record

ArticleBMC public health2026

Tailoring a national smoking cessation support programme in co-creation with (expectant) parents in vulnerable situations.

Linda van der Spek, Anna L de Bree, Tessa Scheffers-van Schayck, Hans van Kippersluis, Hilmar H Bijma, Gera E Nagelhout, Jasper V Been, Leonieke J Breunis

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Article in BMC public health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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2 · The registry

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Linda van der SpekDivision of Neonatology, Department of Neonatal and Paediatric Intensive Care, Erasmus MC Sophia Children's Hospital, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. h.d.vanderspek@erasmusmc.nl.
Anna L de BreeDepartment of Epidemiology, Trimbos Institute, Da Costakade 45, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Tessa Scheffers-van SchayckDepartment of Youth, Trimbos Institute, Da Costakade 45, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Hans van KippersluisErasmus School of Economics, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Burgemeester Oudlaan 50, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Hilmar H BijmaDivision of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus MC Sophia Children's Hospital, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Gera E NagelhoutDepartment of Health Promotion (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 40, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Jasper V BeenDivision of Neonatology, Department of Neonatal and Paediatric Intensive Care, Erasmus MC Sophia Children's Hospital, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Leonieke J BreunisDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus MC Sophia Children's Hospital, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.

Funding

Stichting Erasmus Trustfonds 97030.2023.102.280/252/RB
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSmoking prevalence and limited access to cessation support contribute to persistent health inequities among (expectant) parents in vulnerable situations. Co-creation may help align smoking cessation support with the lived contexts and needs of this group. This study documents and evaluates the use of co-creation to explore contextual barriers and needs, and to inform adaptations to Smoke-free Parents (SFP), a Dutch telephone-based smoking cessation programme.

methodsFive co-creation sessions were conducted with (expectant) parents, smoking cessation counsellors, healthcare professionals, and researchers. Activities included photo-based brainstorming, peer interviews, creating fictional user profiles, and user journey mapping. Participants identified barriers to engagement with SFP and retention in SFP, brainstormed adaptations, and prioritized these. Data were thematically analysed. The co-creation process and its outputs were evaluated through interviews and a group discussion.

resultsThree parents, two counsellors, two healthcare professionals, and two researchers participated. Identified contextual barriers included stressful life circumstances, pro-smoking social norms, shame, fear of failure, and limited discussion of smoking and cessation support with professionals. Participants highlighted the need for accessible and personalized services and involving social networks. Proposed adaptations included raising awareness of SFP among professionals and (expectant) parents, offering more diverse forms of coaching (telephone, video call, group, face-to-face), and facilitating involvement of partners or other supportive persons. Participants evaluated both the co-creation process and outcomes positively (mean satisfaction score 8.3/10).

conclusionsThis study illustrates how co-creation can be used to explore context and needs related to smoking cessation support among (expectant) parents in vulnerable situations, and to inform adaptations. Wider use of such co-creation approaches may support more equitable access to cessation support.

Indexed as

ParentsSmoking CessationVulnerable PopulationsAdultFemaleHumansInterviews as TopicMaleNetherlandsPregnancyQualitative ResearchSocial SupportCo-creationHealth InequitiesParentsPregnancySmoking CessationVulnerable Populations

Identifiers

PMID41688979
PMCPMC13011541

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