Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41690944›Full record

ArticleNature communications2026

From nicotine to SARS-CoV-2 antivirals with potent in vivo efficacy and a broad anti-coronavirus spectrum.

Kaustav Khatua, Sandeep Atla, Demonta Coleman, Lauren R Blankenship, Yugendar R Alugubelli, Veerabhadra Vulupala, Xuejiao Shirley Guo, Hongjie Xia, Birte K Kalveram, David H Walker and 11 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

21 authors.

Kaustav Khatua *Texas A&M Drug Discovery Center and Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
Sandeep Atla *Texas A&M Drug Discovery Center and Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
Demonta Coleman *Texas A&M Drug Discovery Center and Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
Lauren R Blankenship *Texas A&M Drug Discovery Center and Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
Yugendar R Alugubelli *Texas A&M Drug Discovery Center and Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
Veerabhadra Vulupala *Texas A&M Drug Discovery Center and Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6224-5674
Xuejiao Shirley GuoTexas A&M Drug Discovery Center and Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
Hongjie XiaDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, the University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2520-7038
Birte K KalveramDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, the University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
David H WalkerDepartment of Pathology, the University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
Brett L HurstDepartment of Animal, Dairy, and Veterinary Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1025-5878
Sathish KumarTexas A&M Global Health Research Complex of Biology and Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
Chia-Chuan D ChoTexas A&M Drug Discovery Center and Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
Shivangi SharmaTexas A&M Drug Discovery Center and Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0006-7262-6805
Kai YangTexas A&M Drug Discovery Center and Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
Dorsa RabieTexas A&M Drug Discovery Center and Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
Satyanarayana NyalataTexas A&M Drug Discovery Center and Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
Benjamin W NeumanTexas A&M Global Health Research Complex of Biology and Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA. bneuman@tamu.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1240-8954
Xuping XieDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, the University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA. xuxie@utmb.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0918-016X
Shiqing XuTexas A&M Drug Discovery Center and Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA. shiqing.xu@tamu.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6260-9290
Wenshe Ray LiuTexas A&M Drug Discovery Center and Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA. wsliu2007@tamu.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7078-6534

Funding

Use of the Noncanonical Amino Acid Mutagenesis Technique in Combination with Other Approaches to Study Functions of Posttranslational Lysine Modifications in ProteinsR35GM145351 · NIGMS · TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY · PI Wenshe Ray Liu · 2022 to 2026
$2.6M
Development of fluorogenic and chemiluminogenic main protease substrates for cellular and in vivo imaging of SARS-CoV-2R21EB032983 · NIBIB · TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY · PI LIU, WENSHE RAY · 2022 to 2023
$411k
The Development of Reversible Covalent PROTAC Technology as a New Anti-COVID-19 StrategyR21AI164088 · NIAID · TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY · PI XU, SHIQING · 2021 to 2022
$406k
Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (Division of Intramural Research of the NIAID) R21AI164088NIAID NIH HHS R21 AI164088NIBIB NIH HHS R21 EB032983NIGMS NIH HHS R35 GM145351U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB) R21EB032983U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS) R35GM145351
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Anecdotal reports about smoking that might prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection inspire the search for nicotine and its pyrolysis products as inhibitors of the SARS-CoV-2 main protease (M

Indexed as

Antiviral AgentsNicotineSARS-CoV-2AnimalsCoronavirus 3C ProteasesCOVID-19COVID-19 Drug TreatmentDrug Resistance, ViralFemaleHumansMaleMicePyridinesViral Nonstructural ProteinsAntiviral AgentsCoronavirus 3C ProteasesNicotinePyridinesViral Nonstructural Proteins

Identifiers

PMID41690944
PMCPMC13018305

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.