Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41691329›Full record

ReviewDiabetology & metabolic syndrome2026

Exosomal MicroRNAs as theranostic tools in type 2 diabetes and its complications: mechanistic insights and clinical implications.

Iva Vukelić, Art Sefedini, Dijana Detel, Sunčica Buljević, Branislav Šuša, Tine Tesovnik, Francesco Giorgino, Tadej Battelino, Dario Rahelić, Sanja Klobučar

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Diabetology & metabolic syndrome, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Iva VukelićDepartment of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Brace Branchetta 20, Rijeka, 51000, Croatia.
Art SefediniFaculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Brace Branchetta 20, Rijeka, 51000, Croatia.
Dijana DetelDepartment of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Brace Branchetta 20, Rijeka, 51000, Croatia. dijana.detel@uniri.hr.
Sunčica BuljevićDepartment of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Brace Branchetta 20, Rijeka, 51000, Croatia.
Branislav ŠušaFaculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Brace Branchetta 20, Rijeka, 51000, Croatia.
Tine TesovnikClinical Institute of Special Laboratory Diagnostics, University Children's Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Francesco GiorginoDepartment of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, Section of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, Andrology and Metabolic Diseases, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy.
Tadej BattelinoDepartment of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University Children's Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Dario RahelićEndocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Vuk Vrhovac University Clinic for Diabetes, Merkur University Hospital, Dugi dol 4, Zagreb, 10000, Croatia.
Sanja KlobučarFaculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Brace Branchetta 20, Rijeka, 51000, Croatia.

Funding

University of Rijeka uniri-iskusni-biomed-23-243University of Rijeka uniri-iskusni-biomed-23-285University of Rijeka uniri- mladi-biomed-23-54
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes is a chronic and progressive metabolic disease, with a steadily increasing global incidence and prevalence, representing a major public health concern due to its substantial impact on morbidity and mortality. Type 2 diabetes is characterized by defective insulin secretion and peripheral insulin resistance, resulting in dysregulated glucose homeostasis. Optimal disease management is critical due to its association with multiple systemic complications, including diabetic retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy, foot ulcers, cardiomyopathy, and diabetes-related cognitive impairment. The involvement of exosomes in the initiation and progression of type 2 diabetes has recently gained considerable attention. These nanosized vesicles, secreted by virtually all cell types, play a pivotal role in mediating intercellular communication. This review highlights the potential of exosomes and their molecular cargo, particularly microRNAs, as endogenous biomarkers for the detection and monitoring of type 2 diabetes and its associated complications, while also exploring their emerging therapeutic applications.

Indexed as

BiomarkersDiabetic complicationsExosomesExtracellular vesiclesInsulin resistanceMiRNAsObesityTherapyType 2 diabetes

Identifiers

PMID41691329
PMCPMC13011453

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.