Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41694035›Full record

ArticleWorld journal of cardiology2026

Comparative efficacy and safety of chlorthalidone

Usha Kumari, Manaswini Kaka, Fakhar Abbas, Amar Rai, Sanjana Kumari, Hakim Ullah Wazir, Salim Surani

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in World journal of cardiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Usha KumariDepartment of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States.
Manaswini KakaDepartment of Medicine, AIMU School of Medicine, Gros Islet 99999, Saint Lucia.
Fakhar AbbasDepartment of Internal Medicine, HCA West Side Florida, Plantation, FL 33324, United States.
Amar RaiDepartment of Medicine, Pennsylvania Hospital, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19107, United States.
Sanjana KumariDepartment of Medicine, Dow University of Health Science, Karachi 74200, Sindh, Pakistan.
Hakim Ullah WazirDepartment of Medicine, Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar 25000, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
Salim SuraniDepartment of Medicine and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, United States. srsurani@hotmail.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundHypertension is among the leading causes of cardiovascular diseases, including myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, and heart failure. The thiazide diuretics of chlorthalidone and hydrochlorothiazide are commonly prescribed in the control of blood pressure. Although they are effective, there has been debate regarding their relative efficacy and safety, particularly with respect to cardiovascular events.

aimTo determine the relative efficacy and safety of hydrochlorothiazide

methodsPubMed and Google Scholar databases were searched for comparative studies of hydrochlorothiazide

resultsChlorthalidone was associated with greater reductions in systolic blood pressure [mean difference: 5.18 mmHg, 95% confidence interval (CI): 4.28-6.08] and diastolic blood pressure (2.91 mmHg, 95%CI: 1.96-3.87) compared to hydrochlorothiazide. Interestingly, chlorthalidone also demonstrated superior nocturnal blood pressure control (

conclusionThe present meta-analysis suggests that chlorthalidone is more effective than hydrochlorothiazide in reducing both systolic and diastolic blood pressure, particularly at night. Although both drugs share comparable cardiovascular event safety profiles, chlorthalidone carries a higher risk of inducing hypokalemia. These findings emphasize the need for individualized treatment strategies in the management of hypertension based on the varying efficacy and safety profiles of chlorthalidone and hydrochlorothiazide.

Indexed as

Blood pressure reductionCardiovascular outcomesChlorthalidoneHydrochlorothiazideHypertension

Identifiers

PMID41694035
PMCPMC12896949

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.