ArticleWorld journal of gastrointestinal oncology2026
Impact of liver metastasis on the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors for advanced colorectal cancer.
Article in World journal of gastrointestinal oncology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Colorectal cancer liver metastasis: immunosuppressive microenvironment, signaling pathways, and emerging therapeutic strategies.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundLiver metastasis is common in advanced colorectal cancer (CRC) and may influence the response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). However, the prognostic impact of liver metastasis on ICI efficacy remains uncertain.
aimTo evaluate the association between liver metastasis and survival outcomes in patients with metastatic CRC (mCRC) treated with ICIs in a meta-analysis.
methodsWe systematically searched PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science up to May 14, 2025, for studies comparing survival outcomes in patients with mCRC with
resultsSixteen studies comprising 1203 patients were included. Liver metastasis was associated with significantly worse PFS [HR = 1.94, 95% confidence interval (95%CI): 1.56-2.41,
conclusionLiver metastasis is associated with worse survival outcomes in patients with mCRC receiving ICIs. These results suggest that liver metastasis may serve as a negative prognostic factor in the context of immunotherapy for mCRC.
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