ArticleArchives of toxicology2026
Extending a liver-based model to lung and intestine: a comparative study of CYP1A1 and CYP1A2 induction by cigarette smoke in human in vitro models.
Article in Archives of toxicology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Systematic review and meta-analysis of risk prediction models for anti-tuberculosis drug-induced liver injury in East Asian populations.Frontiers in public health · 2026Pooled it
- Attenuated FTO induces necroptosis of alveolar epithelium via the mRedox biology · 2026Article
- Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cigarette smoke contains over 5000 compounds, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, which induce cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes, particularly CYP1A1 and CYP1A2. Therefore, smoking significantly alters drug metabolism and can reduce therapeutic efficacy. To investigate tissue-specific CYP enzyme induction by cigarette smoke extract (CSE), a previously established hepatic in vitro smoke induction model was expanded to include human intestinal organoids and lung cell models. CYP1A1, CYP1A2, and CYP3A4 mRNA expression and CYP1A1 and CYP1A enzyme activity were quantified following CSE exposure. CYP1A1 mRNA expression and enzyme activity were robustly induced in all tissues and donors (up to 77-fold and 212-fold respectively). CYP1A2 mRNA and CYP1A enzyme activity were induced in liver and intestine (up to 13-fold) but were only weakly detectable in lung. CYP3A4 induction was exclusively observed in liver (up to 16-fold). Comparison of F
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.