ArticleBMC geriatrics2026
The relationship between metacognitive beliefs and healthy aging among older adults.
Article in BMC geriatrics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
aimThis study aimed to determine the predictive relationship between metacognitive beliefs and multidimensional healthy aging among Turkish older adults.
methodsThis cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted between May and December 2024 using a convenience sampling method. A total of 394 individuals aged 65 years and older were recruited from primary health care centers. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews using the Metacognition Questionnaire-30 (MCQ-30) and the Healthy Aging Instrument (HAI). Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation analysis, and linear regression were performed. The findings should be interpreted within the context of the study design.
resultsThe mean MCQ-30 total score was 68.85 ± 19.72, indicating a moderate level of metacognitive dysfunction, while the mean HAI total score was 97.68 ± 26.50, suggesting a generally good level of healthy aging. No significant correlation was found between the total MCQ-30 and total HAI scores (p > .05). However, weak but statistically significant negative correlations were observed between the MCQ-30 total score and the HAI sub-dimensions of accepting aging and being self-sufficient (r=-.145, p < .05) and staying cognitively active and having social participation (r =-.173, p < .05). In regression analyses, the MCQ-30 total score significantly but modestly predicted the healthy aging sub-dimensions of accepting aging and being self-sufficient and staying cognitively active and having social participation (R²=0.032 and R²=0.038, respectively; p < .001).
conclusionThe findings indicate that metacognitive dysfunction is not associated with overall healthy aging but shows weak yet significant inverse relationships with specific dimensions, particularly acceptance of aging, self-sufficiency, cognitive activity, and social participation. These results suggest that metacognitive processes may be differentially related to certain aspects of healthy aging rather than to the construct as a whole. This study contributes to the limited literature by examining these associations within a Turkish older adult population using a multidimensional approach.
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