Evidence mapPaperPMID 41699681Full record

ArticleStem cell research & therapy2026

Distinct decidualization and senomorphic responses in endometrial vs. menstrual blood stem/stromal cells: implications for reproductive therapies.

Negar Vanaki, Banafsheh Tavangar, Maryam Darzi, Soheila Arefi, Ebrahim Mirzadegan, Maryam Mousavi, Fazel Shokri, Amir-Hassan Zarnani

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Article in Stem cell research & therapy, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Negar VanakiDepartment of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Banafsheh TavangarNanobiotechnology Research Center, Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Avicenna Research Institute, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Tehran, Iran.
Maryam DarziNanobiotechnology Research Center, Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Avicenna Research Institute, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Tehran, Iran.
Soheila ArefiReproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
Ebrahim MirzadeganNanobiotechnology Research Center, Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Avicenna Research Institute, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Tehran, Iran.
Maryam MousaviDepartment of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Fazel ShokriDepartment of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Amir-Hassan ZarnaniDepartment of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. zarnania@sina.tums.ac.ir.

Funding

Avicenna Research Institute 990108-022Iranian Council of Stem Cell Research and Technology 113630
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundDecidualization, the process of endometrial stem/stromal cell (EnSCs) differentiation, is essential for embryo implantation and pregnancy maintenance. Menstrual blood-derived stem/stromal cells (MenSCs), although often considered as surrogates of EnSCs, represent a distinct population. Pharmacologic modulation of cellular senescence using senomorphics has emerged as a promising strategy in reproductive medicine. This study investigates the decidualization capacity of EnSCs and MenSCs and evaluates how senomorphic agents influence their senescence, metabolic profile, and inflammatory response.

methodsPrimary EnSCs and MenSCs were isolated, characterized, and subjected to in vitro decidualization using standardized protocols. Cells were classified as well-decidualized (WD) or poorly-decidualized (PD) based on the extent of decidualization. Six senomorphic compounds were applied before and during decidualization. Senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity, IL-6 secretion, glycolytic intermediates, and global metabolomic changes were assessed before and after treatment with senomorphics.

resultsMenSCs exhibited accelerated but limited and prolonged decidualization capacity compared to EnSCs. Metabolic reprogramming in EnSCs at day 6 resembled that of MenSCs at day 3. Decidualization induced differential changes in glycolysis-related metabolites, senescence markers, and IL-6, especially in PD cells. Treatment with six senomorphics modulated these effects in a context-dependent manner. Exposure during decidualization increased senescence in both WD and PD sources, whereas pretreatment increased senescence in WD EnSCs but decreased it in PD EnSCs. Notably, senomorphics shifted the metabolomic profile of PD EnSCs toward a WD-like state.

conclusionsEnSCs and MenSCs differ in decidualization dynamics, metabolism, and response to senomorphic modulation. Senomorphics may be strategically employed to reduce senescence in patients with impaired endometrial decidualization, offering therapeutic potential in reproductive pharmacology.

Indexed as

DeciduaEndometriumMenstruationStem CellsStromal CellsAdultCell DifferentiationCells, CulturedCellular SenescenceFemaleHumansDecidualizationEndometrial stromal cellMenstrual blood stromal cellMetabolismSenescenceSenomorphics

Identifiers

PMID41699681
PMCPMC13386950

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