Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41700495›Full record

ArticleCNS neuroscience & therapeutics2026

Plasma GFAP and NLRP3 Associate with Cognitive Impairment After Recent Small Subcortical Infarct via Periventricular White Matter Hyperintensity.

Tianxiang Lan, Chunhua Wang, Yuying Yan, Tang Yang, Jingyu Cui, Rumei Lei, Rongfeng Luo, Shuai Jiang, Bo Wu

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in CNS neuroscience & therapeutics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Blood-Based Biomarkers for Post-Stroke Cognitive Impairment.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Tianxiang LanDepartment of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.ORCID 0009-0005-2370-0178
Chunhua WangDepartment of Radiology, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
Yuying YanDepartment of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Tang YangDepartment of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Jingyu CuiDepartment of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Rumei LeiDepartment of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Rongfeng LuoDepartment of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Shuai JiangDepartment of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.ORCID 0000-0003-2140-1535
Bo WuDepartment of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.ORCID 0000-0003-2067-9965

Funding

National Key Research and Development Program of China 2023YFC2506603National Natural Science Foundation of China 82271328National Natural Science Foundation of China 82301661National Natural Science Foundation of China 82371322National Natural Science Foundation of China U24A20690West China Hospital, Sichuan University 2023HXBH007West China Hospital, Sichuan University 2024HXBH041
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimTo assess whether early plasma inflammatory proteins identify SVD-related stroke patients at high risk of cognitive impairment and to examine imaging-mediated effects.

methodsThis single-center retrospective study (April 2020-August 2024) enrolled patients with MRI-confirmed recent small subcortical infarct (RSSI) and healthy controls. GFAP and NLRP3 levels were measured by ELISA. MRI markers of small vessel disease-including white matter hyperintensities (WMH), lacunes, perivascular spaces, and microbleeds-were evaluated. Cognitive function was assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and functional outcome by the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at 3 months. Associations were analyzed using correlation, regression, and mediation analyses.

resultsA total of 108 RSSI patients and 47 controls were included (mean age 57.9 ± 10.5 years; 64.1% male). RSSI patients had significantly higher plasma GFAP and NLRP3 levels (p < 0.05). Both proteins were inversely associated with total MoCA scores and cognitive subdomains, but not with 3-month mRS. GFAP and NLRP3 correlated positively with periventricular WMH (PWMH). Mediation analysis showed that PWMH accounted for 23.88%-28.10% of the association between plasma protein levels and cognitive impairment.

conclusionsElevated plasma GFAP and NLRP3 are associated with post-stroke cognitive impairment in RSSI, partially mediated by PWMH. These biomarkers may help identify patients at risk of early cognitive decline.

Indexed as

Cerebral InfarctionCognitive DysfunctionGlial Fibrillary Acidic ProteinNLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 ProteinWhite MatterAgedBiomarkersFemaleHumansMagnetic Resonance ImagingMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesBiomarkersGFAP protein, humanGlial Fibrillary Acidic ProteinNLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 ProteinNLRP3 protein, humanbiomarkerscerebral small vessel diseasescognitive impairmentneuroimagingplasma proteins

Identifiers

PMID41700495
PMCPMC12910400

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.