Evidence mapPaperPMID 41704232Full record

ReviewBioactive materials2026

Artificial intelligence virtual extracellular vesicles (AIVEVs).

Han Liu, Shiyu Li, Jian Wang, Jiacan Su

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Bioactive materials, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Review
  5. Review
  6. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Han LiuInstitute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
Shiyu LiDepartment of Immunology, Institute of Geriatric Immunology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
Jian WangDepartment of Diagnostic Radiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 119074, Singapore.
Jiacan SuInstitute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Recent progress in artificial intelligence (AI) has given rise to AI virtual cells (AIVCs), which are digital twins of predictable or dynamic biological cells. This model can simulate, predict and replicate the behavior of real cells in digital software. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanoscale phospholipid bilayer structures released by cells and are important for intercellular communication. To fully leverage digital models in EVs research, we propose the interdisciplinary concept of AI virtual EVs (AIVEVs). This review systematically outlines the construction of AIVEVs through both knowledge-driven (white-box) and data-driven (black-box) modeling paradigms, integrating multi-omics data to simulate EVs biogenesis, cargo sorting, and intercellular communication. Moreover, we highlight how AIVCs drive models to predict the composition of AIVEVs, analyze cell communication behavior, construct diagnostic atlases of pathological virtual cells, and enhance the ability to trace vesicle origins. Furthermore, we also present a closed-loop workflow from

Indexed as

Artificial intelligenceDigital modelExtracellular vesiclesVirtual cellsVirtual extracellular vesicles

Identifiers

PMID41704232
PMCPMC12907801

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.