Evidence mapPaperPMID 41704685Full record

ArticleFrontiers in medicine2026

Intestinal permeability correlated with chronic fatigue in a patient with long COVID-A case report and overview of the literature.

Ingo Andus, Janine Büttner, Bettina Bochow-Fitzner, Frank Tacke, Christoph Jochum

Abstract readCase Reports
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Ingo AndusDepartment of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Campus Charité Mitte and Campus Virchow Klinikum, Berlin, Germany.
Janine BüttnerDepartment of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Campus Charité Mitte and Campus Virchow Klinikum, Berlin, Germany.
Bettina Bochow-FitznerDepartment of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Campus Charité Mitte and Campus Virchow Klinikum, Berlin, Germany.
Frank TackeDepartment of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Campus Charité Mitte and Campus Virchow Klinikum, Berlin, Germany.
Christoph JochumDepartment of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Campus Charité Mitte and Campus Virchow Klinikum, Berlin, Germany.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Long COVID is a complex condition characterized by persistent symptoms such as chronic fatigue, cognitive impairment, and autonomic dysfunction. Emerging evidence suggests that the gut may play a role in the pathophysiology of long COVID, potentially contributing to systemic inflammation and symptom severity. Prior studies indicate intestinal permeability (IP) alteration in patients with long COVID. To date, there have been no reports on the assessment of intestinal permeability via carbohydrate absorption in individuals with long COVID. Case presentation: We present a 60-year-old female with long COVID who exhibited chronic fatigue and autonomic dysfunction for more than 3 years following SARS-CoV-2 infection. IP was assessed at five time points using a carbohydrate absorption test. Results revealed significantly elevated lactulose/mannitol (L/M) ratios during episodes of symptom exacerbation, including a second SARS-CoV-2 infection. Notably, clinically observed improvement in fatigue correlated with a reduction in IP. A probiotic regimen with Conclusions: This case report demonstrates a correlation between intestinal permeability alterations and long COVID symptom severity. Notably, to our knowledge, this is the first report assessing intestinal permeability in a long COVID patient using a carbohydrate absorption-based permeability test. It reinforces the emerging link between gut barrier integrity and long COVID pathophysiology and emphasizes the need for further studies to assess IP as a potential disease marker. Furthermore, the observed improvement with probiotic therapy highlights the need for further research into microbiome-targeted interventions for long COVID management. Larger studies are required to explore the mechanistic link between gut permeability and long COVID pathophysiology.

Indexed as

chronic fatiguegut permeabilityintestinal permeabilitylong COVIDPASCpost-acute sequelae of COVID-19probiotic treatment

Identifiers

PMID41704685
PMCPMC12907148

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.