ArticleOtolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery2026
Sarcopenia Risk is Associated With Decreased Swallow Safety in Patients With Dysphagia.
Article in Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
objectiveSarcopenia, characterized by the loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength, is associated with adverse health outcomes in older adults. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between sarcopenia risk, handgrip strength, and swallowing function in patients with dysphagia undergoing Fiberoptic Endoscopic Evaluation of Swallowing (FEES). STUDY
designRetrospective chart review.
settingA tertiary dysphagia clinic.
methodsMedical records of individuals aged 65 years and older who attended the dysphagia clinic over a 6-month period were reviewed. Data collected included demographics, clinical symptoms, handgrip strength, SARC-F (Strength, Assistance in walking, Rise from a chair, Climb stairs, and Falls) scores, Penetration Aspiration Scale (PAS) scores, and Yale residue scale scores from FEES. Critically weak grip strength was defined using previously established thresholds. Correlations between sarcopenia indicators and swallowing outcomes were analyzed using Spearman's rho.
resultsThirty-three patients were included (mean age 77.6 ± 7.5 years; 52% male). Twenty-five (76%) demonstrated critically weak grip strength, and 9 (27%) had SARC-F ≥ 4, indicating sarcopenia risk. SARC-F scores were negatively correlated with Functional Oral Intake Scale (FOIS) (rs = -0.45, P = .01) and positively correlated with liquid PAS (rs = 0.41, P = .02). Handgrip strength was negatively correlated with age (rs = -0.39, P = .03).
conclusionsMost older adults undergoing FEES exhibited critically weak grip strength, suggesting high sarcopenia risk. Higher sarcopenia risk correlated with worse swallowing safety and reduced oral intake. These findings highlight the importance of assessing and addressing nutritional and muscle strength deficits in dysphagic older adults. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 4:
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