Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41706277›Full record

ArticleBehavior genetics2026

Co-twin Control Analyses Reveal Genetic Contributions to SES Influences in Mean Level and Longitudinal Change in Physical Aging.

Deborah Finkel, Brian K Finch, Margaret Gatz, Ida K Karlsson, Chandra A Reynolds, Miriam Mosing, Sneha Nimmagadda, Malin Ericsson

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Behavior genetics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Deborah FinkelCenter for Economic and Social Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA. dgfinkel@usc.edu.
Brian K FinchCenter for Economic and Social Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Margaret GatzCenter for Economic and Social Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Ida K KarlssonDepartment of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Chandra A ReynoldsInstitute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA.
Miriam MosingDepartment of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Sneha NimmagaddaDepartment of Economics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Malin EricssonDepartment of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.

Funding

Differences in the association of education with ADRD across countries, historical eras, and men and women.R01AG081248 · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · 2025 to 2025
$1.3M
Gene-environment Interplay Among Modifiable Factors for AD/ADRD: Risk and Resilience Across the LifespanR01AG089666 · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO · 2025 to 2025
$732k
NIA NIH HHS R01 AG081248NIA NIH HHS R01 AG089666NIA NIH HHS R21 AG087486
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Socioeconomic status (SES) predicts age-related changes in health status; however, the source of SES-health associations is heavily debated. Twin studies allow tests of causal hypotheses by modeling within and between twin pair differences in longitudinal latent growth curve models (LGCM) of physical aging, examining level of functioning and rate of change with age. Three longitudinal twin studies of aging (mean age at baseline = 71.36, SD = 10.7) from the Swedish Twin Registry (N = 1369) included up to 27 years of follow-up on a Functional Aging Index (FAI) consisting of lung function, grip strength, walking speed, and self-report sensory functioning. SES indicators included education, financial strain, and occupation-based socioeconomic position. Pair means (between family effect) and within pair differences (within family effect) for SES were included as covariates of both intercept and slopes in a two-slope LGCM (intercept at age 75); models were corrected for sex and parental SES. LGCM results were compared across the full sample, then separately for both monozygotic and dizygotic twin pairs. Results indicated genetic confounding in the associations between multiple SES indicators and the FAI intercept. Additionally, the relationship between education longitudinal change in physical aging up to age 75 was subject to genetic confounding. These patterns were replicated among men. In contrast, findings for women pointed to shared environmental influences rather than genetic confounding, although statistical power was reduced in sex-stratified analyses. Results highlight the importance of considering the timing of socioeconomic exposures and gendered life-course trajectories when examining health inequalities in aging.

Indexed as

Co-twin controlFunctional agingGender differencesLatent growth curveSES

Identifiers

PMID41706277
PMCPMC13053737

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.