Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41706855›Full record

ArticleScience advances2026

Human microglia in brain assembloids display region-specific diversity and respond to hyperexcitable neurons carrying

Jiaxiang Wu, Xiaoling Chen, Jingliang Zhang, Kyle Wettschurack, Morgan Robinson, Weihao Li, Yuanrui Zhao, Ye-Eun Yoo, Brody A Deming, Yue Shu and 10 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Science advances, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Olfactory models as a platform for neuroscience research.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2026
    Review
  7. Review
  8. Novel advanced patient-derivedFrontiers in neurology
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

20 authors.

Jiaxiang WuBorch Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.ORCID 0009-0001-6591-2516
Xiaoling ChenBorch Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2271-1140
Jingliang ZhangBorch Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2903-1287
Kyle WettschurackBorch Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7268-8188
Morgan RobinsonBorch Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4719-196X
Weihao LiENT Institute and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China.
Yuanrui ZhaoBorch Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
Ye-Eun YooBorch Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
Brody A DemingBorch Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-1404-5694
Yue ShuBorch Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
Akila D AbeyaratnaBorch Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.ORCID 0009-0007-2469-9142
Zhefu QueBorch Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
Dongshu DuSchool of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
Matthew TegtmeyerPurdue Institute for Integrative Neuroscience, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-9032-8207
Chongli YuanDavidson School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3765-0931
William C SkarnesThe Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8334-3329
Zhong-Yin ZhangBorch Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5527-7910
Jean-Christophe RochetBorch Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-6484-1541
Long-Jun WuCenter for Neuroimmunology and Glial Biology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-8019-3380
Yang YangBorch Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-6417-3654

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Microglia critically shape neuronal circuit development and function, yet their region-specific properties and roles in distinct circuits of the human brain remain poorly understood. In this study, we generated region-specific brain organoids (cortical, striatal, and midbrain), each integrated with human microglia, to fill this critical gap. Single-cell RNA sequencing uncovered six distinct microglial subtypes exhibiting unique regional signatures, including a subtype highly enriched for the GABA

Indexed as

BrainMicrogliaMutationNAV1.2 Voltage-Gated Sodium ChannelNeuronsAutistic DisorderHumansOrganoidsNAV1.2 Voltage-Gated Sodium ChannelSCN2A protein, human

Identifiers

PMID41706855
PMCPMC12915608

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.