Evidence mapPaperPMID 41708805Full record

ArticleScientific reports2026

Alternative splicing and differential gene expression during changes in endometrial receptivity in patients with recurrent implantation failure.

Mao-Li Wang, Bing-Jie Lu, Xiang Lu, Lu Li, Xiao-Xi Sun, Jiu-Cheng Chen, Hu Liu, Chen Chen, Han Wu, Da-Jin Li and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Mao-Li WangObstetrics & Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University , Shanghai Key Lab of Reproduction and Development, Shanghai Key Lab of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, No. 128 Shenyang Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200433, China.
Bing-Jie LuUnimed Biotech (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., 2066 Wangyuan Road, Fengxian District, Shanghai, 201400, China.
Xiang LuObstetrics & Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University , Shanghai Key Lab of Reproduction and Development, Shanghai Key Lab of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, No. 128 Shenyang Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200433, China.
Lu LiObstetrics & Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University , Shanghai Key Lab of Reproduction and Development, Shanghai Key Lab of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, No. 128 Shenyang Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200433, China.
Xiao-Xi SunObstetrics & Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University , Shanghai Key Lab of Reproduction and Development, Shanghai Key Lab of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, No. 128 Shenyang Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200433, China.
Jiu-Cheng ChenUnimed Biotech (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., 2066 Wangyuan Road, Fengxian District, Shanghai, 201400, China.
Hu LiuUnimed Biotech (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., 2066 Wangyuan Road, Fengxian District, Shanghai, 201400, China.
Chen ChenUnimed Biotech (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., 2066 Wangyuan Road, Fengxian District, Shanghai, 201400, China.
Han Wu *Unimed Biotech (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., 2066 Wangyuan Road, Fengxian District, Shanghai, 201400, China. h.wu@unimeddx.com.
Da-Jin Li *Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University , Shanghai Key Lab of Reproduction and Development, Shanghai Key Lab of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, No. 128 Shenyang Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200433, China. djli@shmu.edu.cn.
Wen-Bi Zhang *Shanghai Ji Ai Genetics and IVF-ET Institute, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011, China. jackeyzhang0905@163.com.

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China 82171644
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Recurrent implantation failure (RIF) remains a major challenge in assisted reproductive technology, and the molecular mechanisms underlying endometrial receptivity are incompletely understood. This study aimed to comprehensively characterize transcriptomic alterations, including alternative splicing events (ASEs), differential gene expression (DEGs), and immune cell dynamics across different phases of endometrial receptivity in women with RIF. Endometrial biopsies were collected from 90 healthy fertile controls and 73 RIF patients during pre-receptive, receptive, and post-receptive phases. High-throughput RNA sequencing was performed, and bioinformatic analyses were conducted to identify ASEs, DEGs, immune cell composition, and RNA-binding protein (RBP) networks. Skipped exons and mutually exclusive exons were the predominant splicing events observed. Both ASEs and DEGs were significantly enriched in pathways regulating cell adhesion, cytoskeletal organization, and immune modulation. KHDRBS3 emerged as a potential key RBP involved in splicing regulation during the window of implantation. Immune profiling revealed dynamic alterations in CD8 + T cells, NK cells, and monocytes between non-receptive and receptive phases, suggesting immune dysregulation associated with implantation failure. Drug repurposing analysis identified several small molecules targeting ASE-related genes, offering promising therapeutic options for RIF. These findings highlight the coordinated changes in alternative splicing, gene expression, and immune cell composition that characterize endometrial receptivity and provide insights that may guide the development of novel diagnostic biomarkers and targeted interventions to improve reproductive outcomes.

Indexed as

Alternative SplicingEmbryo ImplantationEndometriumAdultFemaleGene Expression ProfilingGene Expression RegulationHumansRNA-Binding ProteinsTranscriptomeRNA-Binding ProteinsAlternative splicingDifferential gene expressionEndometrial receptivityImmune cellsRecurrent implantation failure

Identifiers

PMID41708805
PMCPMC13013678

What Socratic holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.