ArticleScientific reports2026
Evaluation of the phenolic profile and biological activities of Boletus speciosus extracts optimized with response surface methodology and artificial neural networks-genetic algorithm.
Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In this study, the antioxidant, anticholinesterase, and antiproliferative activities, as well as the phenolic component profiles, of extracts obtained under optimum conditions from Boletus speciosus using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and Artificial Neural Networks-Genetic Algorithm (ANN-GA) approaches were comprehensively evaluated. Antioxidant capacity was determined by total antioxidant level (TAS), total oxidant level (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI), DPPH radical scavenging activity, and FRAP reducing power tests. Anticholinesterase activity was evaluated through acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibition, while the antiproliferative effect was investigated in vitro in A549, MCF-7, and DU-145 cell lines at concentrations ranging from 25 to 200 µg/mL. Quantitative analysis of phenolic components was performed using LC-MS/MS. The results showed that extracts obtained by the ANN-GA method exhibited significantly higher TAS, DPPH, and FRAP values, and lower TOS and OSI values compared to RSM extracts. In anticholinesterase analyses, ANN-GA extracts were found to have a stronger inhibitory effect on both AChE and BChE. In antiproliferative analyses, it was determined that ANN-GA extracts caused a more pronounced dose-dependent decrease in cell viability in all cell lines. LC-MS/MS analyses revealed that various phenolic compounds, especially gallic acid, protocatechuic acid, caffeic acid, quercetin, and catechin hydrate, were present in higher amounts in ANN-GA extracts. In conclusion, it was determined that B. speciosus has a rich phenolic content, and that the ANN-GA optimization approach, in particular, enhanced the antioxidant, anticholinesterase, and antiproliferative activities by increasing the extraction of phenolic compounds. These findings demonstrate that B. speciosus is a functionally and biologically valuable natural resource and offers significant potential for advanced biomedical research.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.