Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41709019›Full record

ArticleNature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology2026

The International Scientific Association for Probiotics and Prebiotics (ISAPP) consensus statement on the definition and scope of gut health.

Maria L Marco, Marla Cunningham, Stephan C Bischoff, Gerard Clarke, Nathalie Delzenne, James D Lewis, Marlies Meisel, Daniel Merenstein, Paul W O'Toole, Heidi M Staudacher and 3 more

Abstract readConsensus Statement
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
25citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

25 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Gut microbes · 2026
    Trial
  3. Trial
  4. Trial
  5. Review
  6. Veterinary and animal science · 2026
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. AMarine drugs · 2026
    Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Defining 'gut health': a leap forward, but still some road to travel.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2026
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Maria L MarcoDepartment of Food Science and Technology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA. mmarco@ucdavis.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3643-9766
Marla CunninghamInternational Scientific Association of Probiotics and Prebiotics, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0414-6643
Stephan C BischoffInstitute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2614-5948
Gerard ClarkeDepartment of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science and APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9771-3979
Nathalie DelzenneMetabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UC Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2115-6082
James D LewisDivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Marlies MeiselDepartment of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Daniel MerensteinDepartment of Family Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA.
Paul W O'TooleSchool of Microbiology and APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5377-0824
Heidi M StaudacherDepartment of Medicine, School of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6704-2131
Hania SzajewskaDepartment of Paediatrics, The Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4596-2874
Jerry M WellsHost-Microbe Interactomics, Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands.
Eamonn M M QuigleyDivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Lynda K and David M Underwood Center for Digestive Health, Houston Methodist Hospital and Weill Cornell School of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4151-7180

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The term 'gut health' is increasingly used as a catch-all phrase by many stakeholders, including scientists, health-care professionals, industry and the general public, to describe a wide range of health-related concepts. Despite its widespread use, particularly in relation to studies on diet, fermented foods, biotics and the gut microbiome, it remains unclear what the term gut health means. Therefore, an expert panel was convened by the International Scientific Association for Probiotics and Prebiotics to address the current state of scientific and clinical knowledge on the physiology, manifestation, application and measurement of the concept of gut health. The panel evaluated the term in the context of the central role of the gastrointestinal tract in health and overall well-being and proposed a definition of gut health as "a state of normal gastrointestinal function without active gastrointestinal disease and gut-related symptoms that affect quality of life". The definition was developed mindful of the functional, subjective and extrinsic domains that contribute to gut health. In this Consensus Statement, clinically relevant and accessible metrics to assess these domains are reviewed and a comprehensive approach to gut health is proposed that is relevant to clinical practice as well as to studies of dietary and biotic interventions.

Indexed as

Gastrointestinal TractPrebioticsProbioticsGastrointestinal DiseasesGastrointestinal MicrobiomeHumansQuality of LifePrebiotics

Identifiers

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.