Evidence mapPaperPMID 41709363Full record

ArticleDiabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association2026

Decision accuracy of simultaneously used real-time CGM versus intermittently scanned CGM around exercise in type 1 diabetes: A secondary analysis of the ULTRAFLEXI-1 study.

Sabrina Sanfilippo, Alexander Müller, Felix Aberer, Faisal Aziz, Harald Kojzar, Caren Sourij, Ulrike Leb-Stöger, Philipp Birnbaumer, Peter N Pferschy, Norbert Tripolt and 2 more

Abstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
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0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Sabrina SanfilippoExercise Physiology & Metabolism, Institute of Sports Science, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1297-0464
Alexander MüllerCardiometabolic Trials Unit, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
Felix AbererCardiometabolic Trials Unit, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9947-1413
Faisal AzizCardiometabolic Trials Unit, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
Harald KojzarCardiometabolic Trials Unit, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
Caren SourijCardiometabolic Trials Unit, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
Ulrike Leb-StögerExercise Physiology, Training & Training Therapy Research Group, Institute of Human Movement Science, Sport and Health, University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
Philipp BirnbaumerExercise Physiology, Training & Training Therapy Research Group, Institute of Human Movement Science, Sport and Health, University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
Peter N PferschyCardiometabolic Trials Unit, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
Norbert TripoltCardiometabolic Trials Unit, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
Harald SourijCardiometabolic Trials Unit, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
Othmar MoserExercise Physiology & Metabolism, Institute of Sports Science, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany.

Funding

DexcomSanofi
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimsContinuous glucose monitoring (CGM) systems have become important technologies to improve glycaemia in people with type 1 diabetes (T1D). However, it has been shown that during rapid glucose change, sensor performance can deteriorate. Comparative data on sensor performance during high rates of glucose change, such as during exercise, between a real-time continuous glucose monitor (rtCGM) and an intermittently scanned continuous monitor (isCGM) remain limited.

methodsTwenty-two people with T1D (8 women, age 42 ± 11 years, HbA

resultsDuring exercise, the MedARD was 14.6% [7.0;23.8] for rtCGM (2304 comparison points) vs. 11.6% [5.6;19.6] for isCGM (2266 comparison points) (p < 0.0001). When stratified by glycaemic range, the MedARD was 39.2% [31.8;46.8] vs. 27.0% [17.0;34.6] for time below range (<70 mg/dL) (p = 0.0001), 16.1% [8.1;24.8] vs. 12.8% [6.4;20.4] for time in range (70-180 mg/dL) (p < 0.0001) and 9.5% [4.7;16.0] vs. 8.0% [3.8;13.7] for time above range (>180 mg/dL) (p = 0.0064) for rtCGM vs. isCGM.

conclusionIn this head-to-head comparison of rtCGM and isCGM, isCGM demonstrated superior performance during exercise in adults with T1D.

Indexed as

Blood GlucoseBlood Glucose Self-MonitoringContinuous Glucose MonitoringDiabetes Mellitus, Type 1ExerciseAdultFemaleGlycated HemoglobinHumansMaleMiddle AgedBlood GlucoseGlycated Hemoglobincontinuous glucose monitoringexercisetype 1 diabetes

Identifiers

PMID41709363
PMCPMC13074113

What Socratic holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.