Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41710217›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in human neuroscience2026

Association of remnant cholesterol with cognitive impairment: a cross-sectional study.

Weili Bai, Yong He, Xuewen Xiao, Tieshi Zhu

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in human neuroscience, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Weili BaiDepartment of Neurology, Liuyang Jili Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China.
Yong HeDepartment of Neurology, Liuyang Jili Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China.
Xuewen XiaoDepartment of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
Tieshi ZhuDepartment of Neurology, Zhanjiang Central Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Although dyslipidemia has been implicated in the development of cognitive impairment, the association between remnant cholesterol (RC) and cognitive outcomes remains incompletely understood. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study using data from 1,136 participants at Liuyang Jili Hospital from 2022. RC was calculated as total cholesterol minus low-density and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and cognitive function was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination. Restricted cubic spline and multivariable logistic regression models were used to evaluate associations between RC and cognitive impairment, with subgroup, and sensitivity analyses. Machine learning models with SHapley additive explanation (SHAP) values were applied to assess variable importance. Results: Participants had a median age of 68 years, and 21.2% had cognitive impairment. Higher RC levels were associated with increased risk of cognitive impairment (per 1-mmol/L increase: adjusted odds ratio, 3.47; 95% CI, 2.34-5.25; Conclusion: Elevated RC levels are positively associated with an increased risk of cognitive impairment. These findings suggest that remnant cholesterol may be an important and modifiable risk factor for cognitive dysfunction, warranting confirmation in prospective longitudinal studies.

Indexed as

cognitive impairmentcross-sectional studymachine learningremnant cholesterolrural areas

Identifiers

PMID41710217
PMCPMC12909580

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.