Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41712759›Full record

ReviewMicroscopy (Oxford, England)2026

Low-vacuum scanning electron microscopy for informative three-dimensional imaging of cell/tissue architectures and biomedical target localization.

Akira Sawaguchi

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Microscopy (Oxford, England), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author.

Akira SawaguchiDivision of Ultrastructural Cell Biology, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This review focusses on the recent advances of practical application of low-vacuum scanning electron microscopy to informative three-dimensional imaging of cell/tissue architectures and biomedical target localization on microscope slides for biomedical sciences and clinical diagnoses. Scanning electron microscopy under low-vacuum conditions allows high-resolution imaging of complex cell/tissue architectures in nonconductive specimens because the negative charge that accumulates on the nonconductive materials can be neutralized by the positive ions in the residual gas molecules. However, the conventional methods for metal staining of biological specimens require harmful uranium compounds, which hampers the applications of electron microscopy. The development of uranium-free KMnO4/Pb metal staining allows multiscale imaging of extensive cell/tissue architectures to intensive subcellular ultrastructure. The obtained image contrast was equivalent to that of Ur/Pb staining and sufficient for ultrastructural observation. Observation of the 20-µm-thick section facilitates distinctive perception of the face-side images of the epithelium, which are seldom seen within 5-µm-thin sections. Visualization of the exact location of targeting molecules by in situ strategy provides unique insight into nanogold development via nanogold nucleation and secondary growth under hot-humid air conditions. These user-friendly techniques are highly anticipated to fill the gap between light and electron microscopy to correlate cell/tissue structure and function. Importantly, paraffin and cryostat blocks of cell or tissue samples are semipermanent, making them valuable for retrospective studies through the re-evaluation of archived specimens.

Indexed as

Imaging, Three-DimensionalMicroscopy, Electron, ScanningAnimalsGoldHumansStaining and LabelingVacuumGoldgold labellinglow-vacuumparaffin/cryostat sectionpermanganatescanning electron microscopyuranium-free

Identifiers

PMID41712759
PMCPMC13454675

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.