Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41714021›Full record

ArticleJournal of oral biosciences2026

Choline acetyltransferase as a marker for Merkel cells in mucosal and skin tissues.

Ranhui Xi, Jiaxin Liu, Shahd Almasswary, Xin Xu, Marco Tizzano

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of oral biosciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Ranhui XiDepartment of Basic & Translational Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19014, USA.
Jiaxin LiuDepartment of Basic & Translational Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19014, USA; State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Sichuan, Chengdu, China.
Shahd AlmasswaryDepartment of Basic & Translational Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19014, USA.
Xin XuState Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Sichuan, Chengdu, China. Electronic address: xin.xu@scu.edu.cn.
Marco TizzanoDepartment of Basic & Translational Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19014, USA. Electronic address: mtizzano@upenn.edu.

Funding

The role of solitary chemosensory cells in periodontal homeostasisR01DE028979 · NIDCR · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI TIZZANO, MARCO · 2020 to 2024
$2.6M
Role of solitary chemosensory cells in irritant avoidance and protection of olfactory sensationR01DC016598 · NIDCD · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI TIZZANO, MARCO · 2017 to 2021
$1.9M
NIDCD NIH HHS R01 DC016598NIDCR NIH HHS R01 DE028979
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesTo investigate the expression of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), the enzyme responsible for acetylcholine (ACh) synthesis, in Merkel cells in hairy and glabrous skin, including whiskers, palms, and oral mucosa, and to evaluate whether ChAT is a general molecular marker for Merkel cells that could indicate a potential cholinergic role in mechanosensory signaling.

methodsImmunofluorescence staining was performed on skin and oral epithelial tissues of ChAT-tau-enhanced green fluorescent protein (ChAT-eGFP) transgenic mice. Co-expression of ChAT-eGFP and the Merkel cell marker, keratin 8 (KRT8), was analyzed to identify ChAT

resultsMerkel cells consistently co-expressed ChAT-eGFP and KRT8 in skin and mucosal tissues, and they were organized into characteristic clusters, closely associated with nerve fibers. There was also ChAT expression in taste-related structures and cholinergic epithelial cells. In aged mice, Merkel cell count in the palate was significantly reduced, particularly in anterior rugae.

conclusionsThis study identified ChAT as a novel and general marker for Merkel cells in skin and oral tissues, revealing a previously unrecognized cholinergic component of Merkel cell signaling. These findings suggest a potential role of ACh in mechanotransduction and tactile sensation. By establishing ChAT as a Merkel cell marker, this study provides new insights into somatosensory biology and provides a molecular framework for exploring cholinergic mechanisms in tactile perception. These findings may inform therapeutic strategies for sensory disorders of skin and oral mucosa.

Indexed as

Choline O-AcetyltransferaseMerkel CellsMouth MucosaSkinAnimalsBiomarkersGreen Fluorescent ProteinsKeratin-8MiceMice, TransgenicPalateBiomarkersCholine O-AcetyltransferaseGreen Fluorescent ProteinsKeratin-8Choline acetyltransferase (ChAT)MechanotransductionMerkel cellsOral mucosaSensory afferents

Identifiers

PMID41714021
PMCPMC13175026

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.