ArticleBreast cancer research : BCR2026
Prophylactic and therapeutic CSC-based vaccination reduced tumor growth, metastasis and enhanced survival in mouse model of breast cancer.
Article in Breast cancer research : BCR, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundImmunotherapy is a promising cancer treatment, but its effectiveness is limited by the lack of specific strategies to target cancer stem cells (CSCs). CSCs a rare tumor cell subpopulation, are thought to drive tumor recurrence, metastasis, and therapy resistance and developing targeting CSCs is needed. This study investigates the efficacy of a CSC-based vaccine in preventing and treating breast tumor growth and metastasis in a mouse model.
methods4T1-CSC was enriched by sphere formation and characterized by high expression of stemness genes using real-time PCR and higher in vivo tumorigenicity compared to parental cells. Whole CSC lysates were used as vaccine in prophylactic and therapeutic settings and their efficacy was compared with parental cells, normal saline and adjuvant-injected groups in terms of tumor growth, liver and lungs metastasis and survival. Additionally, the presence of antibodies against CSCs and parental cells was evaluated by flow cytometry and immunofluorescence staining in vaccinated mice.
resultsCSC enrichment was confirmed by higher stemness gene expression and tumorigenicity in spheroid cells. CSC-Prophylactic vaccination significantly reduced tumor growth, lung and liver metastasis and improved survival compared to parental cell and control groups. Therapeutic vaccination reduced tumor growth until day 15, increases in survival and decreases in metastasis. Both vaccinations showed that CSC-vaccinated mice sera reacted more intensely with parental cells than with spheroid cells.
conclusionCSC-based immunizations significantly reduce tumor growth and metastasis, enhancing survival. These findings underscore the potential of CSC-targeted therapies in cancer treatment, necessitating further research to develop effective breast cancer treatments.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.