ArticleHealth science reports2026
Medication Adherence Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes at the Upper West Regional Hospital, Ghana.
Article in Health science reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has risen rapidly in low- and middle-income countries, including Ghana, and poor adherence to glucose-lowering medications undermines glycemic control and increases risk of complications. Aim: To identify health-system, socio-demographic, and socio-economic factors associated with glucose-lowering medication adherence among adults with type 2 diabetes attending outpatient follow-up at the Upper West Regional Hospital, Ghana. Methods: We conducted a hospital-based cross-sectional study at the Upper West Regional Hospital, Ghana between 20 February and 8 March 2024. Consecutive eligible adults (≥ 18 years) with a clinical diagnosis of T2DM and at least 3 months of self-reported medication use were recruited using convenience sampling. The sample comprised Results: Overall, 51.5% of participants were classified as having poor medication adherence. Several socio-economic and health factors were significantly associated with adherence using the chi-square test of associations. In unadjusted logistic regression analysis, participants on drug treatment for < 6 months had higher odds of good adherence compared with those on treatment ≥ 6 months (COR: 3.70 95% CI: (1.50-8.97; Conclusions: A substantial proportion of adults with T2DM attending outpatient follow-up at the Upper West Regional Hospital demonstrated poor self-reported adherence to glucose-lowering medications. Interventions that strengthen patient education, address medication side-effects and affordability, and improve clinician follow-up should be prioritized. The cross-sectional design of this study and further reliance on self-reported medication adherence (MMAS-8) are important limitations.
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