Evidence mapPaperPMID 41717480Full record

ArticlePEC innovation2026

Evaluating fluoride-related YouTube videos in Japan: A comparative analysis of understandability, actionability, and reliability between pro- and anti-fluoride content.

Hikari Sophia Nagao, Tsuyoshi Okuhara, Emi Furukawa, Hiroko Okada, Takahiro Kiuchi

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PEC innovation, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Hikari Sophia NagaoDepartment of Health Communication, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan.
Tsuyoshi OkuharaDepartment of Health Communication, School of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan.
Emi FurukawaUniversity Hospital Medical Information Network (UMIN) Center, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Japan.
Hiroko OkadaDepartment of Health Communication, School of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan.
Takahiro KiuchiDepartment of Health Communication, School of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to compare pro- and anti-fluoride Japanese YouTube videos on understandability, actionability, flow, reliability, and engagement. Methods: Eighty-four videos found via a keyword search (pro = 49, anti = 18, other = 17) were analyzed. Quality was assessed using three validated tools-namely, Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool for Audiovisual Materials (PEMAT-A/V), Global Quality Score (GQS), and modified DISCERN (mDISCERN). Engagement was measured as view rate. Results: Pro-fluoride videos scored higher on reliability (mDISCERN 2.6 ± 1.0 vs 1.3 ± 0.6) and overall quality (GQS 2.5 ± 1.4 vs 1.0 ± 0.9; both Conclusion: Reliable, expert-made pro-fluoride videos attract modest audiences, whereas anti-fluoride videos can achieve a wide reach when they are easy to follow and well-structured. However, scientific accuracy alone cannot guarantee audience reach or engagement. Oral health authorities should design algorithm-sensitive, evidence-based videos that are clear and actionable. Innovation: This is the first study to integrate the PEMAT-A/V, GQS, and mDISCERN with YouTube analytics for Japanese fluoride content, thereby providing a data-driven framework for algorithm-aware oral-health messaging.

Indexed as

FluorideHealth communicationHealth informationMisinformationYouTube

Identifiers

PMID41717480
PMCPMC12914852

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.