Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41717547›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in endocrinology2026

Characteristics and outcome of pediatric and adult differentiated thyroid cancer with distant metastases.

Ali S Alzahrani, Lulu Alobaid, Eman Albasri, Afnan Hadadi, Abdulrhman Hakami, Fayha Abothenain, Deema Alturki, Najla Ewain, Ali Howaidi, Hindi Alhindi and 6 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in endocrinology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Ali S AlzahraniDepartment of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Lulu AlobaidDepartment of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Eman AlbasriDepartment of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Afnan HadadiDepartment of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Abdulrhman HakamiDepartment of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Fayha AbothenainDepartment of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Deema AlturkiDepartment of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Najla EwainDepartment of Medicine, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Ali HowaidiDepartment of Pathology, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Hindi AlhindiDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Ghada AlskaitDepartment of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Yasser AljufanDepartment of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Shatha AlghaihbDepartment of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Azzam AlkhalifahDepartment of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Leenah AlAyoubiDepartment of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Amani AbualnajaDepartment of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: Previous studies suggested differences in the histopathological and molecular characteristics and outcome between pediatric and adult differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). In this study, we focused on the characteristics and outcome of distant metastases (DM) between pediatric and adult patients with DTC. Objectives: To compare DM between pediatric (pDTC) and adult DTC (aDTC). Patients and methods: We studied 35 pDTC (≤ 18 years) and 79 aDTC with DM seen over 20 years. The median age was 16 and 55 years and the F:M ratio was 3.4:1 and 1.7:1, respectively. Total thyroidectomy was performed in 91.4% and 93.7% and lymph node dissection in 94.3% and 64.6% of pediatric and adult patients, respectively. Radioactive iodine (RAI) ablation/therapy was administered to all patients except one. Results: pDM mostly involved a single organ (34/35), predominantly the lungs (32/35), and rarely the bone (2/35) and brain (1/35). By contrast, aDM were frequently multi-organ (45/79) involving lungs (72 patients), bone (50), brain (9), liver (10), kidneys (3), adrenal glands (2), breast (1) and soft tissues (3). Additional therapies (e.g. surgery, RAI) were administered to 28 and 78 pediatric and adult patients, respectively. At the last follow-up, only 1 (2.9%) vs. 6 (7.6%) patients had progressive metastases and 1 (2.9%) vs. 46 (58.2%) patients died due to DTC in pediatric and adult groups, respectively (P<0.0001). Other patients either were in an indeterminate status or had stable non-progressive metastases. Conclusions: pDM mostly involve single organs and have good outcome and rare mortality. aDM are frequently multi-organ, progressive and associated with high mortality of 58% over about 4.5 years.

Indexed as

Thyroid NeoplasmsAdolescentAdultChildFemaleHumansIodine RadioisotopesMaleMiddle AgedNeoplasm MetastasisPrognosisRetrospective StudiesThyroidectomyTreatment OutcomeYoung AdultIodine Radioisotopesadult thyroid cancerdifferentiated thyroid cancerdistant metastasispapillary thyroid cancerpediatric thyroid cancerthyroid cancer

Identifiers

PMID41717547
PMCPMC12913069

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.