Evidence mapPaperPMID 41717549Full record

ArticleFrontiers in endocrinology2026

Divergent pathophysiological drivers of polycystic ovary syndrome: insulin resistance independently fuels the hyperandrogenic phenotype whilst neuroendocrine factors dominate non-hyperandrogenic presentations.

Xiaoxia Wang, Hua Nie, Rong Cui, Guifang Ye, Ying Tan, Jing Zhang, Biyun Zhang, Xingming Zhong

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in endocrinology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Xiaoxia WangNational Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Genetics, Guangzhou,, China.
Hua NieNational Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Genetics, Guangzhou,, China.
Rong CuiNational Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Genetics, Guangzhou,, China.
Guifang YeNational Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Genetics, Guangzhou,, China.
Ying TanNational Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Genetics, Guangzhou,, China.
Jing ZhangNational Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Genetics, Guangzhou,, China.
Biyun ZhangNational Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Genetics, Guangzhou,, China.
Xingming ZhongNational Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Genetics, Guangzhou,, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) manifests as a heterogeneous disorder, yet the extent to which metabolic dysfunction drives specific phenotypes independent of obesity remains debated. This study aimed to delineate the distinct clinical and pathophysiological characteristics of Hyperandrogenic (HA) versus 38 Non-Hyperandrogenic (Non-HA) phenotypes, with a specific focus on disentangling the roles of insulin resistance and adiposity in driving androgen excess. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted involving 301 women with PCOS and 144 controls. Patients were stratified into Non-HA ( Results: The HA phenotype was characterised by significantly more severe oligo-anovulation and metabolic disturbance compared to the Non-HA group, despite comparable age ( Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate that PCOS encompasses two pathophysiologically distinct entities. The Non-HA phenotype appears driven primarily by neuroendocrine dysregulation, whereas the HA phenotype is intrinsically linked to metabolic dysfunction, specifically insulin resistance. Most importantly, we confirm that insulin resistance drives the hyperandrogenic phenotype independently of obesity. These data support a paradigm shift towards phenotype-specific management, necessitating aggressive insulin-sensitising strategies for hyperandrogenic patients regardless of their BMI.

Indexed as

HyperandrogenismInsulin ResistancePolycystic Ovary SyndromeAdiposityAdultAndrogensBody Mass IndexCase-Control StudiesCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansPhenotypeRetrospective StudiesYoung AdultAndrogensbody mass indexclinical phenotypehyperandrogenisminsulin resistancepolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)

Identifiers

PMID41717549
PMCPMC12913134

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.