Evidence mapPaperPMID 41718270Full record

ReviewJournal of xenobiotics2026

Genetic and Environmental Factors Shaping Hearing Loss: Xenobiotics, Mechanisms and Translational Perspectives.

Francisco Esteves, Helena Caria

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of xenobiotics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Francisco EstevesInstituto Politécnico de Setúbal (IPS), Escola Superior de Saúde (ESS), Departamento de Ciências Biomédicas, Estefanilha, 2910-761 Setúbal, Portugal.ORCID 0000-0002-3046-1313
Helena CariaInstituto Politécnico de Setúbal (IPS), Escola Superior de Saúde (ESS), Departamento de Ciências Biomédicas, Estefanilha, 2910-761 Setúbal, Portugal.ORCID 0000-0002-2175-2303

Funding

Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia UID/00100Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia UID/04923
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The central mechanistic hypothesis underlying multifactorial hearing loss posits that genetic susceptibility and environmental exposures act synergistically to disrupt cochlear homeostasis through redox imbalance, mitochondrial dysfunction, and pro-inflammatory mechanisms. This gene-environment paradigm has significant translational implications: elucidating the molecular crosstalk between genetic variants and environmental factors may enable precision risk stratification and the development of targeted otoprotective strategies. The present review provides a comprehensive examination of the major determinants implicated in hearing loss. The manuscript is organized into six main sections that encompass the most relevant domains of current research. First, it offers (I) an overview of epidemiological patterns and the multifactorial nature of hearing impairment. This is followed by (II) a background synthesis of the complex genetic architecture underlying hearing loss. Next, the authors present (III) an outline of environmental determinants and exposure profiles associated with auditory dysfunction, highlighting prominent pollutant/xenobiotic classes (e.g., organic solvents and volatile aromatic hydrocarbons, heavy metals, pesticides, and especially organophosphates and persistent organochlorine compounds), followed by (IV) an analysis of oxidative stress, mitochondrial impairment, and inflammatory pathways involved in cochlear injury. Subsequently, (V) translational perspectives and integrated therapeutic approaches are discussed, with emphasis on epidemiological prevention and precision-based interventions. Finally, (VI) this review addresses current challenges and future directions in elucidating gene-environment interactions in hearing loss.

Indexed as

cochlear degenerationdeafness associated genesenvironmental pollutantsgene-environment interactionsgenetic susceptibilityhearing lossoxidative stress

Identifiers

PMID41718270
PMCPMC12921957

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.