Protocol for blastomere injection to generate bilateral hemimosaic Xenopus tadpoles.

Vanessa J Li, Philip M Kesner, Anne Schohl, David Foubert, Nicholas Benfey, Edward S Ruthazer

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in STAR protocols, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

1citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

Assessing circuit function in the developingFrontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2026
Review

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Vanessa J LiMontreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada.

Philip M KesnerMontreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada.

Anne SchohlMontreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada. Electronic address: anne.schohl@mcgill.ca.

David FoubertMontreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada.

Nicholas BenfeyMontreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada.

Edward S RuthazerMontreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada. Electronic address: edward.ruthazer@mcgill.ca.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Here, we present a protocol to generate bilateral hemimosaic Xenopus tadpoles that allows systematic, independent manipulation of pre- and postsynaptic neurons in the tadpole retinotectal projection. We describe the steps to perform in vitro fertilization, followed by blastomere injections for two different manipulations. Specifically, we detail procedures for exogenous gene expression (GCaMP6s) by mRNA microinjection and endogenous gene knockdown (GluN1) with antisense morpholino microinjection. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Kesner et al.

Indexed as

BlastomeresMicroinjectionsXenopus laevisAnimalsGene Knockdown TechniquesLarvadevelopmental biologymicroscopymodel organismsneuroscience

Identifiers

PMID41719136

DOI10.1016/j.xpro.2026.104387

PMCPMC12934307

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata

LicenceCC BY

Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.