Evidence mapPaperPMID 41721473Full record

ArticleCommunity dentistry and oral epidemiology2026

Is Obesity Associated With Dental Caries in Primary Dentition? Findings From a Birth Cohort in Southern Brazil.

Yorrana Martins Corrêa, Cinthia Fonseca Araujo, Mariana Silveira Echeverria, Andréa Dâmaso Bertoldi, Geert J M G van der Heijden, Flávio Fernando Demarco, Helena Silveira Schuch

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Article in Community dentistry and oral epidemiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Yorrana Martins CorrêaGraduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1568-783X
Cinthia Fonseca AraujoGraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5148-4274
Mariana Silveira EcheverriaGraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2045-4232
Andréa Dâmaso BertoldiGraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4680-3197
Geert J M G van der HeijdenOral Public Health Department, ACTA, Academic Center for Dentistry, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4979-2099
Flávio Fernando DemarcoGraduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2276-491X
Helena Silveira SchuchGraduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9932-9698

Funding

Bernard van Leer Foundation BRA-2018-178Brazilian Public Health AssociationConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (FAPERGS)Universidade Federal de PelotasWellcome Trust 095582Wellcome Trust 10735_Z_18_Z
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesNutritional disorders and dental caries share common risk factors, including diet and socioeconomic position, but the association between these two conditions remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential association between overweight/obesity and the occurrence of dental caries in primary dentition.

methodsThis longitudinal study, conducted using data from the 2015 Pelotas Birth Cohort, utilised information collected at birth, 24 months and 4 years of age. The exposure variable was the obesity collected by BMI (body mass index), at 24 months, using anthropometric measures (weight and height) and classified according to WHO guidelines. Covariates included sex, child's and maternal age, socioeconomic factors (family income and maternal education) and sugar consumption data. The outcome was dental caries at the age of four, assessed using several variables: early childhood caries (ECC), encompassing all activity including white spots and restorations; severe early childhood caries (S-ECC), which refers exclusively to cavitated lesions; and the dmft (Decayed, Missing and Filled Teeth) index. Descriptive analysis was carried out and regression models were tested.

resultsFrom the 4275 eligible participants, 3374 children (50.5% boys and 49.5% girls) composed the analytical sample. At 24 months, 2474 (73.3%) children were healthy weight (95% CI 71.8; 74.8) and 900 (26.7%) presented overweight/obesity (18.8% overweight and 7.9% obese). Concerning dental caries at the age of four, 37.6% had ECC (including white spots and restorations) and 21.4% had S-ECC. Among children classified as healthy weight at 24 months, 38.6% presented ECC at 4 years of age. Among obese children, the prevalence of ECC was 34.8%. A similar pattern was observed for S-ECC: the prevalence was 22.0% among healthy weight children, 19.9% among overweight and 19.1% among obese children. The Poisson regression analysis adjusting for confounding factors showed no difference between groups.

conclusionsIn conclusion, this cohort study in Brazilian children at the age of four did not observe meaningful associations between overweight/obesity and dental caries in primary dentition. The findings suggest that obesity in childhood should not be considered a risk factor for caries development in children.

Indexed as

Dental CariesObesityTooth, DeciduousBirth CohortBody Mass IndexBrazilChild, PreschoolDMF IndexFemaleHumansInfantLongitudinal StudiesMaleRisk FactorsSocioeconomic Factorschildcohort studiesdeciduousdental cariesobesitytooth

Identifiers

PMID41721473
PMCPMC13428047

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.