ArticleScientific reports2026
Intracranial LPS injection induces cerebral palsy-like motor and behavioral deficits in immunodeficient mice.
Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
The translational potential of human cell therapies for cerebral palsy (CP) is limited by a lack of immune-compatible preclinical models. To address this, we established a CP-like model via intracranial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injection in neonatal immunodeficient mice. Compared to Sham controls (n = 12), LPS-injected mice (n = 12) exhibited lower survival (83.3% vs. 100%), reduced body weight (23.15 ± 2.07 g vs. 25.53 ± 0.99 g, P < 0.01), and significant motor deficits, including locomotor asymmetry, impaired balance, and hypolocomotion. Gait analysis revealed hindlimb-predominant spatiotemporal abnormalities: prolonged stance, propulsion, and swing durations; reduced stride frequency and stance width; and a divergent forelimb-hindlimb paw angle response. These findings demonstrate that intracranial LPS injection in immunodeficient mice produces a multifaceted CP‑like phenotype featuring hindlimb-predominant gait abnormalities, motor incoordination, and altered exploration. This model could serve as a validated, immune-compatible platform for studying CP pathophysiology and for the preclinical evaluation of human cell therapies.
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