Evidence mapPaperPMID 41723761Full record

ArticleDiscover oncology2026

Multi-omics analysis reveals that CAPG positive macrophages are key immunosuppressive drivers and prognostic determinants in the ferroptosis landscape of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Xisheng Yin, Yantong Li, Shi Zheng, Chunhui Pan, Zihan Tian, Xiaolin Zhong

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Discover oncology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Xisheng YinDepartment of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China.
Yantong LiDepartment of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China.
Shi ZhengDepartment of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China.
Chunhui PanDepartment of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China.
Zihan TianDepartment of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China.
Xiaolin ZhongDepartment of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China. zhongxl519@hotmail.com.

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China grant 82100632Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province grant 2022YFS0633Sichuan Medical Science and Technology Innovation Research Association Project YCH-KY-YCZD2024-298Wellcome Trust 202401
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is characterized by substantial heterogeneity and immune tolerance, and its therapeutic efficacy is profoundly influenced by the immune microenvironment. Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent form of regulated cell death, is closely linked to tumor immune regulation. We conducted an integrative multi-omics analysis to systematically delineate the composition and function of the ferroptosis-immunity network in HCC. Using TCGA data, we identified ferroptosis-related prognostic genes. By integrating these with immune features via weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), we defined 55 ferroptosis-immune microenvironment-related genes (FIMRGs). Single-cell transcriptomic analysis showed that, among immune cell types, macrophages exhibited the highest ferroptosis-immunity activity. Spatial transcriptomics revealed that macrophages with high ferroptosis signaling (FehighMac) preferentially infiltrated tumor nests. These macrophages engaged in robust interactions with T cells via ligand-receptor axes such as ICAM1-ITGAX/ITGB2, TNF-TNFR, and LGALS9-CD45, potentially promoting T-cell exhaustion and shaping an immunosuppressive microenvironment. We identified CAPG-positive macrophages (CAPG + Mac) as the key driver of this process. Characterized by suppressed ferroptosis, enhanced glutathione metabolism, and upregulated immune checkpoints, CAPG + Mac appear to foster an immune-tolerant microenvironment. A prognostic model constructed from CAPG + Mac signature genes effectively stratified HCC patients into high- and low-risk groups and demonstrated stable predictive performance in external validation. This study reveals that CAPG + Mac putatively modulate ferroptosis signaling to influence immune homeostasis, highlighting them as a key target for HCC progression and immunotherapy responsiveness.

Indexed as

CAPG positive macrophagesFerroptosisHepatocellular carcinomaT cell exhaustion

Identifiers

PMID41723761
PMCPMC13031701

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.