Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41724830›Full record

ArticleOsteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA2026

Incidence of proximal humerus fracture among older adults in Oslo, Norway varies by country background, marital status, and season.

Siri M Solbakken, Ruth Aga, Sellan L Matheswaran, Kristin Holvik, Tone K Omsland, Cecilie Dahl, Christopher S Nielsen, Anne Johanne Søgaard, Haakon E Meyer

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Article in Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Siri M SolbakkenDepartment of Physical Health and Ageing, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway. siri.marie.solbakken@fhi.no.
Ruth AgaDepartment of Physical Health and Ageing, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
Sellan L MatheswaranDepartment of Community Medicine and Global Health, Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Kristin HolvikDepartment of Physical Health and Ageing, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
Tone K OmslandDepartment of Community Medicine and Global Health, Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Cecilie DahlDepartment of Public Health and Interdisciplinary Health Sciences, Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Christopher S NielsenDepartment of Chronic Diseases, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
Anne Johanne SøgaardDepartment of Physical Health and Ageing, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
Haakon E MeyerDepartment of Physical Health and Ageing, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.

Funding

Norges Forskningsråd 296587
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Sociodemographic risk factors and injury circumstances of proximal humerus fractures are insufficiently investigated. In this study, having Norwegian background and being unmarried carried the highest fracture risk. More fractures were sustained outdoors in winter versus summer. Knowledge of the injury circumstances and identifying vulnerable high-risk groups may inform preventive measures. PURPOSE: The incidence, sociodemographic risk factors, and injury circumstances of proximal humerus fractures (hereafter called humerus fractures) remain insufficiently investigated. We aimed to examine variation in humerus fracture risk by age, sex, marital status, education, and country background, and to describe injury location and seasonal distribution of humerus fractures.

methodsIn this register-based cohort study, humerus fractures sustained 2012-2022 in individuals born < 1952 living in Oslo were identified from the Norwegian Patient Registry. Information on country background, marital status, and education was obtained from Statistics Norway. Incidence rate ratios (IRRs) were estimated by Poisson regression and age-standardized incidence rates (in individuals ≥ 70 years) were calculated.

resultsBased on 3,520 humerus fractures (79% women) among 100,982 individuals, incidence rates were 62 (95% CI 59, 64) and 22 (95% CI 20, 24) per 10,000 person years in women and men, respectively, and increased substantially with age. Humerus fracture risk was lower in all country background categories compared to Norway (reference), with the lowest risk observed for the category mainly including individuals from Asia/Africa: IRR 0.49 (95% CI 0.38, 0.65) in women and IRR 0.37 (95% CI 0.24, 0.57) in men. An IRR of 1.17 (95% CI 1.03, 1.33) was found in unmarried compared to married women, with a corresponding IRR of 1.70 (95% CI 1.37, 2.11) in unmarried versus married men. Humerus fracture numbers peaked during winter.

conclusionsHaving Norwegian background and being unmarried carried the highest humerus fracture risk. Identifying vulnerable high-risk groups is important when planning future healthcare services.

Indexed as

Osteoporotic FracturesShoulder FracturesAgedAged, 80 and overAge DistributionEducational StatusFemaleHumansIncidenceMaleMarital StatusMiddle AgedNorwayRegistriesRisk FactorsSeasonsCohort studyCountry backgroundHumerus fractureInjury locationLevel of educationMarital statusSeasonal variation

Identifiers

PMID41724830
PMCPMC13553688

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.