ArticleFrontiers in immunology2026
Association between the C-reactive protein-albumin-lymphocyte index and cardiovascular incidence and mortality among patients with chronic kidney disease: a prospective study.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Associations of CALLY, CLR, and CHR with all-cause mortality in patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis: a two-center retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background and aim: The recently developed C-reactive protein-to-albumin-to-lymphocyte (CALLY) index represents a novel composite biomarker that simultaneously reflects inflammatory status, immune competence, and nutritional adequacy. However, to date, there are limited evidence on whether CALLY index affects the cardiovascular disease (CVD) events in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). This prospective cohort study aimed to investigate the associations between the CALLY index and CVD incidence, all-cause and CVD-specific mortality in CKD patients from UK Biobank. Methods: The CALLY index was calculated based on lymphocyte counts, serum albumin concentrations, and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels. The association between CALLY index and diverse CVD events were analyzed using multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression and restricted cubic splines (RCS) analysis. Results: A total of 22,898 CKD patients were included. Compared to participants with lowest quartile of CALLY, those with highest quartile had decreased risk of incident overall CVD (HR: 0.70, 95%CI: 0.65-0.75), IHD (HR: 0.70, 95%CI: 0.63-0.78), MI (HR: 0.69, 95%CI: 0.57-0.83), stroke (HR: 0.74, 95%CI: 0.62-0.88), and all-cause (HR: 0.55, 95%CI: 0.51-0.61) and CVD-specific mortality (HR: 0.54, 95%CI: 0.44-0.66). RCS analysis showed the significant L-shaped dose-response relationships between CALLY index and CVD incidence and mortality outcomes, indicating a saturation effect. Conclusion: The moderate-to-high CALLY index was significantly associated with a reduced risk of CVD events-including IHD, MI, and stroke, as well as lower all-cause and CVD-specific mortality. These findings suggest that the CALLY index, which integrates inflammatory, nutritional, and immunological markers, may serve as a potential biomarker for risk stratification in patients with CKD. Future longitudinal studies incorporating repeated assessments would be valuable to better characterize the temporal trajectory of the CALLY index and its association with cardiovascular events and mortality in patients with CKD, thereby improving causal inference.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.